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Group of Austrian Jewish displaced persons under the care of the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration who are to be repatriated to Austria from Shanghai, where they had sought refuge. From the Marine Falcon, they bid farewell to fellow refugees. Shanghai, China, 1946.
Jewish refugee orphans pose for a group photograph at Lindenfels displaced persons camp, administered by the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration. Germany, April 21, 1948.
From a window in the Reich Chancellery, German president Paul von Hindenburg watches a Nazi torchlight parade in honor of Adolf Hitler's appointment as German Chancellor. Berlin, Germany, January 30, 1933.
Adolf Hitler poses with his cabinet shortly after assuming power as chancellor of Germany. Hitler is flanked by Joseph Goebbels (left) and Hermann Göring (right). Berlin, Germany, 1933.
Members of the SS (Schutzstaffel; originally Hitler's bodyguard, later the elite guard of the Nazi state) parade during a rally. Germany, date uncertain.
The Reichstag (German parliament) building burns in Berlin. Hitler used the event to convince President Hindenburg to declare a state of emergency, suspending important constitutional safeguards. Germany, February 27, 1933.
Prisoners arrested during the crackdown on leftists and other targeted groups exercise in the courtyard of the Alexanderplatz prison. Munich, Germany, April 10, 1933.
An early view of the Dachau concentration camp. Columns of prisoners are visible behind the barbed wire. Dachau, Germany, May 24, 1933.
In Berlin, thousands of Party officials, Hitler Youth members, and Labor Service leaders take an oath of loyalty read by Rudolf Hess in Munich and broadcast across Germany. Berlin, Germany, February 25, 1934.
Hitler salutes the youth ranks at the Nazi Party Congress. Nuremberg, Germany, September, 1935.
Adolf Hitler reviews SA troops celebrating the third anniversary of his assumption of power. Berlin, Germany, February 20, 1936.
Germans listen to an antisemitic speech by Hitler. Josef Goebbels, minister of propaganda, encouraged every family to acquire a radio. Germany, January 30, 1937.
Members of a German military unit swear allegiance to Adolf Hitler. Germany, date uncertain.
A Hitler Youth ceremony, typical of those conceived by Baldur von Schirach. They aimed to strengthen dedication to Hitler. Members recited verses, sang patriotic songs, and performed "mock funerals" for "fallen comrades." Germany, date uncertain.
In the aftermath of the Munich agreement, which turned the Sudetenland area of Czechoslovakia over to Germany, German troops march into the town square of Friedland. October 3, 1938.
Stateless Jewish refugees at the Mischdorf tent camp along the Slovak-Hungarian border, following the First Vienna Award which gave a sector of southern Slovakia to Hungary. Local Jews were accused of supporting the Hungarian claim, were driven across the border, then back again, then were forced to live for weeks in an open field. November 1938.
Adolf Hitler reviews his troops at Prague castle on the day of the occupation. Prague, Czechoslovakia, March 15, 1939.
This photograph shows a Jewish boy wearing the compulsory Star of David. Prague, Czechoslovakia, between September 1941 and December 1944.
Property confiscated from deported Jews is stacked in a synagogue. Prague, Czechoslovakia, 1941–45.
Czech Jews are deported from Bauschovitz to Theresienstadt ghetto. Czechoslovakia, between 1941 and 1943.
Jews deported from Prague, Czechoslovakia, move their belongings through the streets of the Lodz ghetto in occupied Poland. November 20, 1941.
Deportation of Slovak Jews. The victims wear tags and are escorted by Slovak guards. Czechoslovakia, ca. 1942.
Deportation of Slovak Jews. Stropkov, Czechoslovakia, May 21, 1942.
Deportation of Jews from Plzen (Pilsen) to Theresienstadt. The building in the background is the town theater. Czechoslovakia, 1942.
Jewish deportees from Luxembourg, Austria, and Czechoslovakia during deportation from the Lodz ghetto to the Chelmno killing center. Lodz, Poland, 1942.
Jewish inmates at forced labor in the Vyhne concentration camp in Slovakia, 1941–44.
The Aigner family of Nove Zamky, Czechoslovakia. The town was occupied by Hungary. Laszlo (Leslie) Aigner (standing, back) survived the Auschwitz camp; his mother (seated) and sister Marika (standing, right) were gassed there. May 1944.
Scene during the deportation of Jews from Dunaszerdahely, in the part of Czechoslovakia ceded to Hungary in 1938. Photograph taken in 1944.
An advertisement for a series of lectures by Varian Fry, who worked in France to help anti-Nazi artists and intellectuals escape to the United States. New York, United States, 1942.
A British policeman (left) organizes the arrest of passengers from the Aliyah Bet ("illegal" immigration) ship Parita after they disembarked near Tel Aviv. Palestine, August 22, 1939.
Youths with camp numbers tattooed on their arms aboard Aliyah Bet ("illegal" immigration) ship Mataroa, at the Haifa port. They were denied entry and were deported to Cyprus detention camps. Palestine, July 15, 1945.
Jewish refugee children unfurl the Zionist flag as they arrive at the Haifa port aboard Aliyah Bet ("illegal" immigration) ship SS Franconia. Palestine, September 1945.
A young Jewish refugee, wounded while resisting British soldiers on board the Aliyah Bet ("illegal" immigration) ship Knesset Israel, is deported to a Cyprus detention camp. Haifa port, Palestine, April 12, 1946.
British soldiers check Jewish refugees from Aliyah Bet ("illegal" immigration) ship Theodor Herzl before deporting them to detention camps in Cyprus. Haifa port, Palestine, April 24, 1947.
Joop Westerweel, schoolteacher executed by the Nazis for helping Jews escape from the Netherlands.
Members of the Amarillo family pose outside their home in Salonika. Front, from left to right, are Tillie Amarillo and Sarika Yahiel. Seated behind them are their mothers Louisa Bourla Amarillo and Regina Amarillo Yahiel. Standing are Saul Amarillo, Isaccino Yahiel, and Isaac Yahiel. Salonika, Greece, between 1930 and 1939.
Bride and groom Laura Uziel and Saul Amarillo (center) pose with their extended families during their wedding. Salonika, Greece, 1938.
German troops drive in front of a government building during the occupation of Athens following the invasion of the Balkans. Athens, Greece, April 1941.
Greek Jews from the provinces move into a designated ghetto area, previously the Baron de Hirsch quarter. Jews were concentrated in this western quarter, near the railway station, in preparation for impending deportations. Salonika, Greece, between November 1942 and March 1943.
A large crowd fills Eisenhower Plaza during the dedication ceremony of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Flags of the liberating divisions form the backdrop to the opening ceremony. Washington, DC, April 22, 1993.
Detail of an interior bridge at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum with the names of victims etched in glass. Washington, DC, 1996.
Visitors in the Hall of Witness at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Washington, DC, 1998.
The "You Are My Witnesses" wall in the Hall of Witness at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Washington, DC, January 2003.
View of the six-sided skylight in the Hall of Remembrance at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Washington, DC, January 2003.
Detail of the 14th Street facade of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Washington, DC, April 2003.
Detail of the 14th Street facade of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Washington, DC, April 2003.
Oskar Schindler (at wheel) with his father, Hans. Svitavy (Zwittau), Czechoslovakia, 1929.
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