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Jews were the primary targets for mass murder by the Nazis and their collaborators. Nazi policies also led to the brutalization and persecution of millions of others.
Germany’s policemen played a key role in the consolidation of Nazi power. During WWII, their role became radicalized. Learn about police in Germany before and after the Nazi rise to power.
During the Holocaust, Nazi leaders required the active help or cooperation of professionals ranging from civil servants, lawyers, doctors, teachers, police, members of the military, business elites, to church leaders. Learn more.
The Jewish children of Lodz suffered unfolding harsh realities after the German invasion of Poland. Some of them, including Dawid Sierakowiak, recorded their experiences in diaries.
Series of articles on the Weimar Republic (1918–1933), a liberal democratic republic founded in Germany in the aftermath of World War I.
Learning about the Holocaust is one way to honor those lost. Browse our learning site for students as a resource for Holocaust-education projects.
A large crowd gathers in front of the Rathaus to hear the exhortations of Julius Streicher during the Beer Hall Putsch, Hitler's early unsuccessful attempt to seize power. Munich, Germany, November 1923.
Adolf Hitler and other participants in the Hitler Putsch, during the annual anniversary celebration of his failed attempt to seize power. Behind Hitler stand Rudolf Hess (left) and Heinrich Himmler. Munich, Germany, November 9, 1934.
Reproduction of the first page of an addendum to the Reich Citizenship Law of September 15, 1935. This is the first of 13 addenda to the original legislation that were issued from November 1935 to July 1943 in order to implement the policy aims of the Reich Citizenship Law.
Père Jacques de Jésus (born Lucien Bunel) was a Carmelite headmaster of a Catholic boys school in Avon, France. Angered at Nazi policies, he made his school a refuge for young men seeking to avoid forced labor and for Jews. On January 15, 1944, the Gestapo raided the school, seizing Père Jacques and three Jewish children. The boys were deported to Auschwitz and killed. Père Jacques, sent to various concentration camps, died shortly after liberation.
We would like to thank Crown Family Philanthropies and the Abe and Ida Cooper Foundation for supporting the ongoing work to create content and resources for the Holocaust Encyclopedia. View the list of all donors.