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  • How did different goals and political systems shape racism in Nazi Germany and the United States?

    Discussion Question

    This discussion question focuses on the history of racial antisemitism in Germany and its relationship to racism in the United States.

    How did different goals and political systems shape racism in Nazi Germany and the United States?
  • Horst Wessel leads his SA formation through the streets

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    Horst Wessel leads his SA formation through the streets of Nuremberg during the fourth Nazi Party Congress in August 1929. 

    Horst Wessel leads his SA formation through the streets
  • Women’s Suffrage in Weimar-era Germany

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    A crowd stands outside of a polling center in Berlin during the German national election in January 1919. This was the first election held under the Weimar Republic (1918–1933), as well as the first election in which women had the legal right to vote in Germany. Women's suffrage was declared in Germany only a couple of months earlier, on November 12, 1918. © IWM Q 110868    

    Women’s Suffrage in Weimar-era Germany
  • Call for Jews to fight antisemitism in prewar Hungary

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    This photo shows a placard urging Hungarian Jews to unite against rising antisemitism in prewar Hungary and Europe. It rallies Jews to protest, using such phrases as: "Protect Jewish honor!”; “Do not buy from our enemies!”; and “Do not watch movies from the Third Reich." Hungary, 1937.

    Call for Jews to fight antisemitism in prewar Hungary
  • World War I armistice, November 1918

    Photo

    The armistice that ended the hostilities of World War I was signed in a railcar in the Forest of Compiègne. The railcar belonged to French Marshal Ferdinand Foch, the commander of the victorious Allied forces. © IWM Q 61172 

    Tags: World War I
    World War I armistice, November 1918
  • Flag graphic for the US 101st Airborne Division

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    A digital representation of the United States 101st Airborne Division's flag.  The US 101st Airborne Division (the "Screaming Eagles" division) was established in 1942. During World War II, they were involved in D-Day and the Battle of the Bulge. The division also captured the city of Eindhoven and uncovered the Kaufering IV camp. The 101st Airborne Division was recognized as a liberating unit in 1988 by the United States Army Center of Military History and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum…

    Flag graphic for the US 101st Airborne Division
  • Flag graphic for US 103rd Infantry Division

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    A digital representation of the United States 103rd Infantry Division flag.   The US 103rd Infantry Division (the "Cactus" division) was established in 1942. During World War II, they were involved in the Battle of the Bulge and captured the city of Innsbruck. The division also uncovered a Nazi subcamp attached to Kaufering camp complex. The 103rd Infantry Division was recognized as a liberating unit in 1985 by the US Army's Center of Military History and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum…

    Flag graphic for US 103rd Infantry Division
  • Flag graphic for US 104th Infantry Division

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    A digital representation of the United States 104th Infantry Division's flag.  The US 104th Infantry Division (the "Timberwolf" division) was activated in 1942. During World War II, they captured the cities of Cologne and Halle. The division also overran Nordhausen and the Dora-Mittelbau concentration camp. The 104th Infantry Division was recognized as a liberating unit in 1988 by the United States Army Center of Military History and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM). 

    Flag graphic for US 104th Infantry Division
  • Flag graphic for US 10th Armored Division

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    A digital representation of the United States 10th Armored Division's flag.  The US 10th Armored Division is also known as the "Tiger" division. During World War II, they captured the cities of Trier and Oberammergau. The division also overran a Dachau subcamp. The 10th Armored Division was recognized as a liberating unit in 1985 by the United States Army Center of Military History and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM). 

    Flag graphic for US 10th Armored Division
  • Flag graphic for US 11th Armored Division

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    A digital representation of the United States 11th Armored Division's flag.  The US 11th Armored Division (the "Thunderbolt" division) was formed in 1942. During World War II, they were involved in the Battle of the Bulge and captured the cities of Coburg, Bayreuth, and Linz. The division also overran the Mauthausen and Gusen concentration camps. The 11th Armored Division was recognized as a liberating unit in 1985 by the United States Army Center of Military History and the United States Holocaust…

    Flag graphic for US 11th Armored Division
  • Flag graphic for US 12th Armored Division

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    A digital representation of the United States 12th Armored Division's flag.  The US 12th Armored Divison is also known as the "Hellcats" division. During World War II, they captured the cities of Ludwigshafen and Würzburg. The division also overran a subcamp of Dachau. The 12th Armored Division was recognized as a liberating unit in 1988 by the United States Army Center of Military History and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM). 

    Flag graphic for US 12th Armored Division
  • Flag graphic for US 14th Armored Division

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    A digital representation of the United States 14th Armored Division's flag.  The US 14th Armored Division (the "Liberators" division) joined the war in 1944. During World War II, they uncovered several subcamps of Dachau, three large forced-labor camps, and several other nearby camps. The 14th Armored Division was recognized as a liberating unit in 1991 by the United States Army Center of Military History and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM). 

    Flag graphic for US 14th Armored Division
  • Flag graphic for US 1st Infantry Division

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    A digital representation of the United States 1st Infantry Division's flag.  The US 1st Infantry Division (the "Big Red One" division) was formed in 1917 and fought in World War I. During World War II, they were involved in the Allied invasions of North Africa and Italy, as well as D-Day and the Battle of the Bulge. Additionally, the division captured the city of Aachen and liberated Zwodau and Falkenau an der Eger, two subcamps of Flossenbürg. The 1st Infantry Division was recognized as a liberating…

    Flag graphic for US 1st Infantry Division
  • Flag graphic for US 20th Armored Division

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    A digital representation of the United States 20th Armored Division's flag.  The US 20th Armored Division was occasionally known as the "Armoraiders" during World War II. They participared in the liberation of the Dachau concentration camp. The 20th Armored Division was recognized as a liberating unit in 1985 by the United States Army Center of Military History and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM).   

    Flag graphic for US 20th Armored Division
  • Flag graphic for US 26th Infantry Division

    Photo

    A digital representation of the United States 26th Infantry Division's flag.  The US 26th Infantry Division (the "Yankee" division) was formed in 1917 and fought in World War I. During World War II, they were involved in the Battle of the Bulge and captured the city of Linz. The division also overran the Gusen concentration camp. The 26th Infantry Division was recognized as a liberating unit in 2002 by the United States Army Center of Military History and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum…

    Flag graphic for US 26th Infantry Division
  • Flag graphic for US 29th Infantry Division

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    A digital representation of the United States 29th Infantry Division's flag.  The US 29th Infantry Division (the "Blue and Gray" division) was established in 1917 and fought in World War I. During World War II, they were involved in D-Day, as well as the liberation of Dinslaken civilian labor camp. The 29th Infantry Division was recognized as a liberating unit in 1995 by the United States Army Center of Military History and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM).   

    Flag graphic for US 29th Infantry Division
  • Flag graphic for US 2nd Infantry Division

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    A digital representation of the United States 2nd Infantry Division's flag.  The US 2nd Infantry Division (the "Indianhead" division) was created in 1917 and fought in World War I. During World War II, they were involved in D-Day and the Battle of the Bulge. They also captured the cities of Leipzig and Hadamar. Additionally, the division overran Leipzig-Schönefeld, a subcamp of Buchenwald, and liberated prisoners at the Spergau/Zöschen camp. The 2nd Infantry Division was recognized as a liberating unit…

    Flag graphic for US 2nd Infantry Division
  • Flag graphic for US 30th Infantry Division

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    A digital representation of the United States 30th Infantry Division's flag.  The US 30th Infantry Division (the "Old Hickory" division) was established in 1917 and fought in World War I. During World War II, they were involved in the Battle of the Bulge and also liberated Weferlingen, a subcamp of Buchenwald. The 30th Infantry Division was recognized as a liberating unit in 2012 by the United States Army Center of Military History and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM).   

    Flag graphic for US 30th Infantry Division
  • Flag graphic for US 36th Infantry Division

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    A digital representation of the United States 36th Infantry Division's flag.  The US 36th Infantry Division (the "Texas" or "Lone Star" division) was established in 1917 and fought in World War I. During World War II, they were involved in the Allied invasions of North Africa and the Battle of the Bulge. The division also overran some of the Kaufering subcamps of the Dachau concentration camp. The 36th Infantry Division was recognized as a liberating unit in 1995 by the United States Army Center of…

    Flag graphic for US 36th Infantry Division
  • Flag graphic for US 3rd Armored Division

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    A digital representation of the United States 3rd Armored Division's flag.  The US 3rd Armored Division (the "Spearhead" division) was established in 1941. During World War II, they were involved in the Battle of the Bulge and captured the city of Cologne. The division also discovered the Dora-Mittelbau concentration camp. The 3rd Armored Division was recognized as a liberating unit in 1985 by the United States Army Center of Military History and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM).   

    Flag graphic for US 3rd Armored Division
  • Flag graphic for US 42nd Infantry Division

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    A digital representation of the United States 42nd Infantry Division's flag.  The US 42nd Infantry Division (the "Rainbow" division) was established in 1917 and fought in World War I. During World War II, they captured the cities of Würzburg, Schweinfurt, and Fürth. The division also entered the Dachau concentration camp. The 42nd Infantry Division was recognized as a liberating unit in 1985 by the United States Army Center of Military History and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum…

    Flag graphic for US 42nd Infantry Division
  • Flag graphic for US 45th Infantry Division

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    A digital representation of the United States 45th Infantry Division's flag.  The US 45th Infantry Division (the "Thunderbird" division) was established in 1924. During World War II, they were involved in the Allied invasions of North Africa and Italy, as well as the capture of the city of Nuremberg. The division also liberated the Dachau concentration camp. The 45th Infantry Division was recognized as a liberating unit in 1985 by the United States Army Center of Military History and the United States…

    Flag graphic for US 45th Infantry Division
  • Flag graphic for US 4th Armored Division

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    A digital representation of the United States 4th Armored Division's flag.  The US 4th Armored Division is also known as the "Breakthrough" division. During World War II, they were involved in the Battle of the Bulge and overran Ohrdruf, a subcamp of Buchenwald. The 4th Armored Division was recognized as a liberating unit in 1985 by the United States Army Center of Military History and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM).   

    Flag graphic for US 4th Armored Division
  • Flag graphic for US 4th Infantry Division

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    A digital representation of the United States 4th Infantry Division's flag.  The US 4th Infantry Division (the "Ivy" division) was established in 1917 and fought in World War I. During World War II, they were involved in D-Day, the liberation of Paris, and the Battle of the Bulge. The division also captured the city of Nuremberg and discovered a Dachau subcamp near Haunstetten. The 4th Infantry Division was recognized as a liberating unit in 1992 by the United States Army Center of Military History and…

    Flag graphic for US 4th Infantry Division
  • Flag graphic for US 63rd Infantry Division

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    A digital representation of the United States 63rd Infantry Division's flag.  The US 63rd Infantry Division (the "Blood and Fire" division) was established in 1943. During World War II, they took the town of Heidelberg and liberated several Kaufering subcamps. The 63rd Infantry Division was recognized as a liberating unit in 2000 by the United States Army Center of Military History and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM). 

    Flag graphic for US 63rd Infantry Division

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