An illustrated political cartoon with the title, “Strange Interlude” and “Illustrated by Holloway” along the top. The cartoon depicts Adolf Hitler, on the left side, brandishing a whip and a handgun towards several fleeing refugees. The refugees run towards Uncle Sam standing in a doorway holding a flogger behind his back. The open door has the words, “Land of the Free, U.S.A.,” along the top, and the doormat says, “Welcome to White Allies.” One the right side, behind the door, sits an enslaved Black man with shackles around his hand and feet. Three small ribbons around the enslaved person feature the words, "disenfranchisement, ostracism, and discrimination.”
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American cartoon responding to racism and the refugee crisis

Cartoon depicting the United States' response to the refugee crisis in Europe, as well as the racism and discrimination African Americans faced at home. The Pittsburgh Courier, April 16, 1938. Page 10.

Domestic concerns in the United States, including unemployment and national security, combined with prevalent antisemitism and racism, shaped America's immigration policies, responses to Nazism, and willingness to aid European Jews.


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  • The Pittsburgh Courier

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