Gertruda Nowak was born to a Roman Catholic family in Poland. The Germans invaded her country on September 1, 1939. Gertruda's father was later accused of working for the Polish underground and taken away. The Germans then came for the rest of the family as well. Gertruda was taken to a forced-labor camp for children in the Lodz ghetto. She was freed after more than 2 years.
These maps add geographic context to Getruda's experience.
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