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Media Essay

Ghettos - Photograph

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ghettos Warsaw Lodz children Kovno Theresienstadt

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A sign, in both German and Latvian, warning that people attempting to cross the fence or to contact inhabitants of the Riga ghetto ... [LCID: 28041] — A sign, in both German and Latvian, warning that people attempting to cross the fence or to contact inhabitants of the Riga ghetto will be shot. Riga, Latvia, 1941–43.
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A synagogue used as a warehouse for the belongings of deported Jews. [LCID: 66000b] — A synagogue used as a warehouse for the belongings of deported Jews. Szeged ghetto, Hungary, 1944.
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Jews carrying bundles of possessions before their deportation from the Kovno ghetto. [LCID: 10687] — Jews carrying bundles of possessions who were forced to gather at an assembly point before their deportation from the Kovno ghetto, probably to Estonia. Kovno, Lithuania, October 1943.

This photograph was taken by George Kadish.
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Jewish resistance fighters captured by SS troops during the Warsaw ghetto uprising. [LCID: 46193] — Jewish resistance fighters who were captured by SS troops during the Warsaw ghetto uprising. Warsaw, Poland, April 19-May 16, 1943.

The original German caption reads: "These bandits offered armed resistance."
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A large group of unaccompanied children line up outside of railcars. There are a few adults looking over the proceedings. — Deportation of Jewish children from the Łódź ghetto in German-occupied Poland during the "Gehsperre" Aktion, September 1942.

In September 1942, German authorities rounded up and deported about 15,000 Jews from the Łódź ghetto to the Chełmno killing center. During this action, they specifically targeted the sick, the elderly, and young children under age ten. On September 4, Chaim Rumkowski, head of the Łódź Jewish Council, called on ghetto residents to cooperate and give up their young children. The following day, the Germans imposed a curfew that confined Jews to their homes while the roundup took place. This roundup became known as the Gehsperre action, named for the German phrase "allgemeine Gehsperre," meaning "general curfew."
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Two malnourished children sit in the dirt eating from shallow plates. The one on the left is younger, almost toddler age, with short curly hair and medium skin tone wearing a large dark dress. The child on the right is older, with medium skin tone, a head covering, and baggy clothes. — Children eating in a Warsaw ghetto street. Warsaw, Poland, between 1940 and 1943.
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A severely emaciated child with medium-light skin tone sitting on a street eating while people walk around them. The child is wearing a heavy jacket and worn slippers with bare legs. — An emaciated child eats in the streets of the Warsaw ghetto. Warsaw, Poland, between 1940 and 1943.
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Child forced laborer in a ghetto factory. Kovno, Lithuania, between 1941 and 1944. [LCID: 81181] — Yakob Vizgordiski works at a machine in a ghetto factory. Kovno, Lithuania, between 1941 and 1943.
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Arrival of a transport of Dutch Jews in the Theresienstadt ghetto. [LCID: 61699b] — Arrival of a transport of Dutch Jews in the Theresienstadt ghetto. Czechoslovakia, February 1944.
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Jews move into the Kovno ghetto. Lithuania, ca. 1941-1942. [LCID: 81064] — Jews forced into the Kovno ghetto move their belongings into the ghetto. In the center, a man is pulling a disassembled wardrobe. He was never able to put it together because of the crowded conditions in the ghetto. Clothes were often hung from nails in the wall instead. Lithuania, ca. 1941-1942.
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Deportation of Jews from Hanau, near Frankfurt am Main, to the Theresienstadt ghetto. [LCID: 77905] — Deportation of Jews from Hanau, near Frankfurt am Main, to the Theresienstadt ghetto. Hanau, Germany, May 30, 1942.
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Ruins of a building in the Kovno ghetto gutted when the Germans attempted to force Jews out of hiding during the final destruction ... [LCID: 81133] — Ruins of a building in the Kovno ghetto gutted when the Germans attempted to force Jews out of hiding during the final destruction of the ghetto. Photographed by George Kadish. Kovno, Lithuania, August 1944.
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