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Roll call of the camp Jewish police. Westerbork transit camp, the Netherlands, 1942 or 1943.
Romani (Gypsy) survivors in a barracks of the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp during liberation. Germany, after April 15, 1945.
Crematorium oven used in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp. Photograph taken after the liberation of teh camp. Bergen-Belsen, Germany, April 28, 1945.
After camp liberation, one of the mass graves at the Bergen-Belsen camp. Germany, after April 15, 1945.
After liberation of the Bergen-Belsen camp, British soldiers forced German mayors from nearby towns to view mass graves. Bergen-Belsen, Germany, after April 15, 1945.
Two survivors in front of the women's barracks in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp. Bergen-Belsen, Germany, April 1945. © IWM (BU 3740)
Soon after liberation, camp survivors bathe in outdoor showers set up by the British. Bergen-Belsen, Germany, after April 15, 1945.
Jewish refugee children—part of a Children's Transport (Kindertransport)—from Vienna, Austria, arrive at Harwich. Great Britain, December 12, 1938.
Jewish refugee children, part of a Children's Transport (Kindertransport) from Germany, upon arrival in Harwich. Great Britain, December 12, 1938.
A meeting of the Warsaw ghetto Jewish council. Sitting behind table, 2nd to 4th from left: industrialist Abraham Gepner; chairman Adam Czerniakow; and lawyer Gustav Wielikowski. Warsaw, Poland, between 1939 and 1942.
Employees of the Jewish council in the Kovno ghetto assemble during roll call, which was taken on a daily basis. Kovno, Lithuania, 1941–43.
A meeting of the Kovno ghetto Jewish council. Chairman Elchanan Elkes sits at the center. Kovno, Lithuania, 1943.
Jacob Edelstein, chairman of the Jewish council in Theresienstadt. He was deported, and shot in Auschwitz in 1944. Theresienstadt, Czechoslovakia, 1942–1943.
Jewish children in an orphanage operated by the Jewish council of the Vilna ghetto. Vilna, 1942.
Boarding pass for Dr. Walter Weissler for a voyage on the St. Louis from Hamburg to Havana. When Cuban authorities refused the passengers entry, Weissler returned to France, where he survived in hiding. He died in Paris in 1996. Hamburg, Germany. Date of pass, May 13, 1939.
The St. Louis, carrying Jewish refugees from Nazi Germany, arrives in the port of Antwerp after Cuba and the United States denied it landing. Belgium, June 17, 1939.
Jewish athletes at a sports festival in Grunewald stadium, Berlin. After Adolf Hitler took power, Jews were not allowed to be members of German athletic clubs. Berlin, Germany, 1934.
The Reich Union of Jewish Frontline Soldiers organized summer camps and sports activities for Jewish children. Germany, between 1934 and 1936.
A concert in the Oranienburger Street synagogue organized by the Cultural Society of German Jews. Berlin, Germany, 1938.
SS Second Lieutenant Gustav Willhaus, camp commandant, rides past the main gate of the Janowska concentration camp. The road from the street and into the camp was paved with tombstones the Nazis removed from Jewish cemeteries. Janowska, Poland, between September 1942 and November 1943.
Bone-crushing machine used by Sonderkommando 1005 to grind the bones of victims after their bodies were burned in the Janowska camp. August 1944.
After the Anschluss (German annexation of Austria), Austrian Jewish refugees disembark from the Italian steamship Conte Verde. Shanghai, China, December 14, 1938.
Jewish refugees from Germany and Austria arrive at the port of Shanghai. China, 1938–1939.
A group of foreign-born Jews poses for a photo in Gurs, a French internment camp in southwestern France. Gurs, France, 1941. Samuel Liebermensch is pictured at the center. Hugo Mayer is seated on the lower right. Siegfried Lindheimer is pictured in the first row , second from the left.
Women prisoners standing in front of barracks at the Gurs camp. Gurs, France, ca. 1943.
View of the entrance to the Plaszow camp. Plaszow, Poland, 1943-1944.
A section of barbed-wire fencing surrounding the Plaszow camp. Plaszow, Poland, 1943-44.
A group of women prisoners in the Plaszow camp. Plaszow, Poland, 1943-1944.
View of a tunnel entrance to the rocket factory at the Dora-Mittelbau concentration camp, near Nordhausen. Germany, April-May 1945.
Sections of V-2 rockets, the so-called Vengeance Weapons, are removed by rail from the Dora-Mittelbau camp after liberation. Near Nordhausen, Germany, June 1945.
William Bein, director of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (JDC) in Poland, with children at the Srodborow home for Jewish children, near Warsaw. The home was financed by the JDC. Srodborow, Poland, 1946.
Boxes of matzah in a Joint Distribution Committee warehouse before distribution to Jewish survivors in displaced persons camps. Place uncertain, postwar.
A Jewish youth on an agricultural training farm that prepared Jewish refugees for life in Palestine, sponsored by the Joint Distribution Committee. Fuerth, Germany, June 13, 1946.
Photograph of Julian Noga, a Polish prisoner (marked with an identifying patch bearing a "P" for Pole) imprisoned in the Flossenbürg concentration camp. Germany, between August 1942 and April 1945.
Arie Wilner, a founder of the Warsaw ghetto's Jewish Fighting Organization (ZOB). He was killed in the Warsaw ghetto uprising. Warsaw, Poland, before 1943.
Two Jewish men captured by the SS pull a woman from an underground bunker during the suppression of the Warsaw ghetto uprising. Warsaw, Poland, May 8, 1943.
A captured Jewish resistance fighter who was forced out of his hidden bunker by German soldiers during the Warsaw ghetto uprising. Warsaw, Poland, April 19-May 16, 1943.
Deportation of Jewish women from the Warsaw ghetto. Poland, 1942-1943.
View of the Zeilsheim displaced persons camp. Zeilsheim, Germany, 1945.
View of a displaced persons camp in Salzburg, in the American occupation zone. Salzburg, Austria, May 25, 1945.
This photograph shows Dina Sarna in front of a sign saying "Jewish DP Camp" in the Bad Reichenhall camp for Jewish displaced persons. Bad Reichenhall, Germany, 1947.
Hot food is served at the displaced persons camp on Arzbergerstrasse. Vienna, Austria, March 1946.
A US flag hangs from the ceiling of the main dining room at the Landsberg displaced persons camp. Germany, December 6, 1945.
Passengers on board the Exodus 1947 refugee ship, which has just arrived at the Haifa port, peer out of cabin windows. The British forcibly returned the refugees to Europe. Haifa, Palestine, July 19, 1947.
Displaced persons protest the forced return to Germany of passengers from the refugee ship Exodus 1947. British Foreign Secretary Ernest Bevin is hanged in effigy. Photograph taken by Henry Ries. Hohne-Belsen, Germany, September 7, 1947.
A British guard in a watchtower at Poppendorf displaced persons camp, after the arrival of Jewish refugees forced from the "Exodus 1947" refugee ship. Photograph taken by Henry Ries. Germany, September 1947.
A Soviet army instructor trains partisans in the use of grenades. Soviet Union, wartime.
General Michael (Rola) Zymierski (top row, center), commander of the Polish communist Armia Ludowa, poses with a partisan unit in the Parczew Forest. The partisan unit includes the Jewish physician, Michael Temchin (bottom right).
Portrait of five-year-old Mania Halef, a Jewish child, who was later killed during the mass execution at Babi Yar.
Defendant Paul Blobel at the Einsatzgruppen Trial, case #9 of the Subsequent Nuremberg Proceedings.
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