![Nazi minister of propaganda Joseph Goebbels delivers a speech to his deputies for the press and arts. [LCID: 81273]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/c50bf2de-9d51-4c49-9cee-a112723df6f6.jpg "Nazi minister of propaganda Joseph Goebbels delivers a speech to his deputies for the press and arts. [LCID: 81273]")
In the auditorium of the Propaganda Ministry and Public Enlightenment, Nazi Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels delivers a speech to his deputies for the press and arts. Berlin, Germany, November 1936.
Item View![Portrait of Leni Riefenstahl. [LCID: 09741]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/af4d7f1e-6482-440c-bb1a-af9e5dfdb93d.jpg "Portrait of Leni Riefenstahl. [LCID: 09741]")
Portrait of Leni Riefenstahl, taken before 1945.
Item View![Georg Grosz, a Communist satirical artist and painter, seen here in his studio in Berlin. [LCID: 66021]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/2cb1d421-dfed-4c1f-b8d8-b1bbffc9ac89.jpg "Georg Grosz, a Communist satirical artist and painter, seen here in his studio in Berlin. [LCID: 66021]")
Georg Grosz, a Communist satirical artist and painter, seen here in his studio in Berlin. He fled Germany shortly before the Nazi rise to power in 1933 and was one of the first to be stripped of his German citizenship by the Nazis. Berlin, Germany, 1929.
Item View![Russian-born Jewish artist Marc Chagall with his daughter, Ida. [LCID: 00545]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/399c04a0-0ac1-4bc8-8d91-44e12cdde6ad.jpg "Russian-born Jewish artist Marc Chagall with his daughter, Ida. [LCID: 00545]")
Russian-born Jewish artist Marc Chagall with his daughter, Ida. The Nazis declared Chagall's work "degenerate." After the fall of France, where he had been living, Chagall fled to the United States. United States, 1942.
Item View![At Berlin's Opernplatz, crowds of German students and members of the SA gather for the burning of books deemed "un-German." [LCID: 01623]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/5ceb2dab-bab2-4c3d-ac4f-2a7382ebc782.jpg "At Berlin's Opernplatz, crowds of German students and members of the SA gather for the burning of books deemed \"un-German.\" [LCID: 01623]")
At Berlin's Opernplatz, crowds of German students and members of the SA gather for the burning of books deemed "un-German." Berlin, Germany, May 10, 1933.
Item View![Public burning of "un-German" books in the Opernplatz. [LCID: 70137]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/485862cd-b142-4c05-9a6f-c809642d4740.jpg "Public burning of \"un-German\" books in the Opernplatz. [LCID: 70137]")
Public burning of "un-German" books in the Opernplatz (Opera Square). Berlin, Germany, May 10, 1933.
Item View![Book burning in Berlin. Germany, May 10, 1933. [LCID: 69002]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/b811ec76-917d-4326-a10f-0163ea3240fe.jpg "Book burning in Berlin. Germany, May 10, 1933. [LCID: 69002]")
Book burning in Berlin. Germany, May 10, 1933.
Item View![Crowds gather at Berlin's Opernplatz for the burning of books deemed "un-German." [LCID: 73492]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/f9b64c09-51bb-4e79-9721-144765dedc9f.jpg "Crowds gather at Berlin's Opernplatz for the burning of books deemed \"un-German.\" [LCID: 73492]")
Crowds gather at Berlin's Opernplatz (opera square) for the burning of books deemed "un-German." Berlin, Germany, May 10, 1933.
Item View![Across Germany, students took books by truck, furniture van, even oxcart, and heaped them into pyres on public squares. [LCID: 70106]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/5adf6ba1-a336-4ba7-b64f-7ede359a2133.jpg "Across Germany, students took books by truck, furniture van, even oxcart, and heaped them into pyres on public squares. [LCID: 70106]")
Across Germany, students took books by truck, furniture van, even oxcart, and heaped them into pyres on public squares. This image shows members of the SA and students from the University of Frankfurt with oxen pulling manure carts loaded with books deemed "un-German." Frankfurt am Main, Germany, May 10, 1933.
Item View![German students gather around books they regard as "un-German." [LCID: 71188]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/0d9d8d42-3cb1-4750-b976-405155a00534.jpg "German students gather around books they regard as \"un-German.\" [LCID: 71188]")
Germans crowd around a truck filled with "un-German" books, confiscated from the library of the Institute for Sexual Science, for burning by the Nazis. The books were publically burned at Berlin's Opernplatz (Opera Square). Berlin, Germany, May 10, 1933.
Item View![Display from "Der ewige Jude" (The Eternal Jew), a Nazi antisemitic exhibit which claimed that Jews heavily dominated the German ... [LCID: 91544]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/89bd56fc-7f97-449e-bd11-073d67cc6f2e.jpg "Display from \"Der ewige Jude\" (The Eternal Jew), a Nazi antisemitic exhibit which claimed that Jews heavily dominated the German ... [LCID: 91544]")
Display from "Der ewige Jude" (The Eternal Jew), a Nazi antisemitic exhibit which claimed that Jews heavily dominated the German performing arts. A phrase at the top of the display states "Shameless Entertainment." Berlin, Germany, November 11, 1938.
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