Auschwitz played a central role in the "Final Solution," the Nazi plan to murder the Jews of Europe. The Nazis deported Jews from nearly every European country to the Auschwitz II (Birkenau) killing center in occupied Poland. In all, more than 1.1 million people died at Auschwitz, including approximately one million Jews.
Item View![Romania, 1933 [LCID: rom19010]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/a6a3f91d-c2c6-4f48-8b51-1802dc9d8030.gif "Romania, 1933 [LCID: rom19010]")
![Romania 1933, Sighet Marmatiei indicated [LCID: sig79020]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/868ffad7-f03f-4e4a-9f89-92898117aa2a.gif "Romania 1933, Sighet Marmatiei indicated [LCID: sig79020]")
![Hungarian expansion [LCID: hun71060]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/0778b129-6719-4bad-b8d2-382e0da3bd75.gif "Hungarian expansion [LCID: hun71060]")
![Ghettos in occupied Hungary, 1944 [LCID: hun74020]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/af7f58ba-8313-4127-90b3-bd3f1f9aa7ec.gif "Ghettos in occupied Hungary, 1944 [LCID: hun74020]")
![Deportations from Hungarian ghettos to Auschwitz [LCID: hun78120]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/958f0ea1-9e02-4f13-a598-2f8137398d8a.gif "Deportations from Hungarian ghettos to Auschwitz [LCID: hun78120]")
![Major camps in Greater Germany, Buchenwald indicated [LCID: buc72020]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/11a2a5e2-fe64-41f3-a2b2-eb3d61618554.gif "Major camps in Greater Germany, Buchenwald indicated [LCID: buc72020]")
![Buchenwald environs, 1945 [LCID: buc42030]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/a3e5405b-bc51-4b1b-802a-c1bb30376aaf.gif "Buchenwald environs, 1945 [LCID: buc42030]")
![Buchenwald concentration camp, spring 1945 [LCID: buc22041]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/617d110a-0735-4968-8664-3591cef3e65b.gif "Buchenwald concentration camp, spring 1945 [LCID: buc22041]")
We would like to thank Crown Family Philanthropies, Abe and Ida Cooper Foundation, the Claims Conference, EVZ, and BMF for supporting the ongoing work to create content and resources for the Holocaust Encyclopedia. View the list of donor acknowledgement.
