<p>Lieutenant General (later Field Marshal) Erwin Rommel commanded German forces during the campaign in North Africa. Libya, 1941.</p>
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A German Jewish prisoner named Rosenthal pushes a cart in the stone quarry of the Im Fout labor camp in Morocco. The camp housed a group of foreign workers, many of whom fell ill because of poor living conditions. Im Fout, Morocco, 1941-42. 
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A German Jewish prisoner at forced labor in the Im Fout camp
A group of Tunisian schoolgirls wearing aprons. Nadia Cohen is in the first row, third from the left. Tunis, Tunisia, ca. 1930-1935. Nadia Cohen was born on January 17, 1924, in Tunis. Nadia's parents came from Orthodox households, but her father left the yeshiva at the age of seven to study Italian, Arabic, and accounting in a French school. In 1938, Nadia was sent to a boarding school in France. She returned home for a visit in the summer of 1939 but could not return to school that fall due to the outbreak of the war. Immediately after the Allied landings in Algeria and Morocco, the Germans occupied Tunisia. After the occupation, an SS officer came to the Cohen's house and confiscated everything leaving only the table and chairs for the Germans to use. They gave the family 24 hours to pack and leave and then expropriated the home to use as a barracks for soldiers.
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A group of Tunisian schoolgirls
Erwin Rommel (center), German commander of the Africa Corps, at an airfield in Libya during an Axis offensive into neighboring Egypt. British troops decisively defeated Rommel's forces at El Alamein. Libya, September 8, 1942.
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Africa Corps commander Erwin Rommel
Allied troops march in Tunis following Allied success against Axis forces in the African Campaign. Tunis, Tunisia, May 20, 1943.
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Allied Military Operations in North Africa
Allied troops board amphibious assault boats off the Algerian coast during Operation Torch. North Africa, November 1942.
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Allied troops board amphibious assault boats during Operation Torch
Allied troops march in Tunis following Allied success against Axis forces in the African Campaign. Tunis, Tunisia, May 20, 1943.
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Allied troops in Tunis
Laurette Cohen (front row, far right) poses with her students at an Alliance Israelite School in Morocco. 1935.  Laurette was born in Oran, Algeria, 1911. In 1932, she married Prosper Cohen (born in Meknes in 1909). They were both teachers for the Alliance Israelite Universelle Schools in Morocco. Their daughter, Mathilde, was born in Tangiers on August 31, 1933. Before 1939, the family lived in Meknes and Fez. Later, Laurette and Prosper were sent to teach in other different locations where they were most needed. In 1938, Prosper, began to study law. Mathilde attended a French government school. Though new racial laws led to the expulsion of most Jewish children, she was allowed to continue due to the fact that her parents were teachers. 
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An Alliance Israelite School in Morocco
As a German soldier looks on, Tunisian Jews are forced to sweep the street and move a wooden crate on a hand cart. Tunisia, 1942-43. Photograph courtesy of Bundesarchiv, German Federal Archives
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Anti-Jewish Legislation in North Africa
Children stand at attention during a flag raising ceremony at the Ayindram Betar summer camp. Tunisia, North Africa, 1946.   
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Ayindram Betar summer camp in Tunisia
General Bernard L. Montgomery, commander of British forces in Egypt, watches British tanks move toward German lines during the military campaign in North Africa. November 1942.
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British General Bernard L. Montgomery
Media Essay
Camps in North Africa
View of the dam being built by forced laborers from the Im Fout labor camp in Morocco. Photograph taken 1941-42. 
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Construction of a dam near the Im Fout labor camp
Lieutenant General (later Field Marshal) Erwin Rommel commanded German forces during the campaign in North Africa. Libya, 1941.
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Erwin Rommel during the North Africa campaign
Sami Dorra working at dam construction in the Im Fout labor camp. The camp was approximately 59 miles southwest of Casablanca, and housed a group of foreign workers. Im Fout, Morocco, 1941-42. 
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Forced labor in Im Fout labor camp
As a German soldier looks on, Tunisian Jews are forced to sweep the street and move a wooden crate on a hand cart. Tunisia, 1942-43. Photograph courtesy of Bundesarchiv, German Federal Archives
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Forced labor in Tunisia
Jewish wedding in Morocco, 1942. Photo: US Holocaust Memorial Museum, courtesy of YIVO Institute for Jewish Research
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A Jewish wedding in Morocco

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