<p><a href="/narrative/43">Adolf Hitler</a> poses with his cabinet shortly after assuming power as chancellor of Germany. Hitler is flanked by Joseph Goebbels (left) and Hermann Göring (right). Berlin, Germany, 1933.</p>
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A German soldier stands on a toppled Polish monument. Krakow, Poland, 1940. This statue commemorated the Polish victory at Grunwald over the Teutonic knights in 1410. In accordance with the plans of German occupation authorities in Poland, all physical symbols of Polish national culture were to be obliterated to make way for the "Germanization" of the country. 
Photo
A German soldier stands on a toppled Polish monument
Public burning of "un-German" books in the Opernplatz (Opera Square). Berlin, Germany, May 10, 1933.
Article
Book Burning
Joseph Goebbels, German propaganda minister, speaks on the night of book burning. Berlin, Germany, May 10, 1933.
Timeline Event
Book Burning
Nazi flags wave above the stadium for the Nazi Party rally grounds in Nuremberg. Architects like Albert Speer constructed monumental edifices in a sterile classical form meant to convey the “enduring grandeur” of the National Socialist movement. Photograph taken in Nuremberg, Germany, between 1934 and 1936. 
Article
Culture in the Third Reich: Disseminating the Nazi Worldview
In the auditorium of the Propaganda Ministry and Public Enlightenment, Nazi Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels delivers a speech to his deputies for the press and arts. Berlin, Germany, November 1936.
Article
Culture in the Third Reich: Overview
Media Essay
Culture in the Third Reich: Overview - Photograph
Visitors view the "Degenerate Art" exhibition (Entartete Kunst) at the Munich Hofgarten in July 1937. Works by Lovis Corinth and Franz Marc are visible, among others.
Article
"Degenerate" Art
In Poznan, ethnic German recruits to the German army swear allegiance to Adolf Hitler. January 1940.
Article
German Military Oaths
Prisoners march in the courtyard of the Gestapo headquarters in Nuremberg. The original caption to the photograph reads: "The courtyard of the Gestapo headquarters, Nurnberg. These appear to be Frenchmen taken to Germany as slave laborers".  
Article
The Gestapo: Overview
Article
Gleichschaltung: Coordinating the Nazi State
Guy Stern was born on January 14, 1922, in Hildesheim, Germany, into a Jewish family. As a child, he attended a German school, where he had many non-Jewish friends.  Beginning in 1933, the Hitler Youth and the League of German Girls had an important role to play in the new Nazi regime. Through these organizations, the Nazi regime planned to indoctrinate young people with Nazi ideology. This was part of the process of Nazifying German society. The aim of this process was to dismantle existing social structures and traditions. The Nazi youth groups were about imposing conformity. Youth throughout Germany wore the same uniforms, sang the same Nazi songs, and participated in similar activities.    Guy describes how propaganda and membership in the Hitler Youth turned one of these friends from his staunchest defender to his worst enemy. 
Oral History
Guy Stern describes losing a friend to membership in the Hitler Youth
Herbert Oppenheimer was born on January 4, 1926, in Berlin, Germany. He lived with foster parents, who were Seventh-Day Adventists. While living with his foster parents, he had to join Hitler Youth along with everyone else in his class at school. During this time, he learned that he was Jewish. The school consequently expelled him from the Hitler Youth. All prospective members of the Hitler Youth had to be "Aryans." He had to leave his foster parents in April 1939, and lived in an orphanage run by the Jewish community until he was 14.   Beginning in 1933, the Hitler Youth and the League of German Girls had an important role to play in the new Nazi regime. Through these organizations, the Nazi regime planned to indoctrinate young people with Nazi ideology. This was part of the process of Nazifying German society. The aim of this process was to dismantle existing social structures and traditions. The Nazi youth groups were about imposing conformity. Youth throughout Germany wore the same uniforms, sang the same Nazi songs, and participated in similar activities.    Herbert describes the focus on physical exercise during the time he was a member of the Hitler Youth. 
Oral History
Herbert Oppenheimer describes activities of the Hitler Youth
Hitler Youth summer uniform jacket with an armband and insignia designating the regiment and district to which the member belonged.   Beginning in 1933, the Hitler Youth and its organization for girls and young women, the League of German Girls, played an important role the new Nazi regime. Through these organizations, the Nazi regime indoctrinated young people with Nazi ideology, including antisemitism and racism. All prospective members of the Hitler Youth had to be "Aryans" and "genetically healthy." Their duty was to serve Adolf Hitler and the Third Reich. Hitler Youth boys and girls were required to wear military-style uniforms, in keeping with the "soldierly" character of the Nazi Party, and conform to certain standards of behavior. Uniforms such as this one emphasized the regimented nature of the Hitler Youth.  US Army soldier Arthur R. Myers obtained this uniform during his military service in World War II.  
Media Essay
Hitler Youth
At a rally, members of the Hitler Youth parade in the formation of a swastika to honor the Unknown Soldier. Germany, August 27, 1933.
Article
Hitler Youth
This Hitler Youth knife and case is shaped like a military bayonet and bears the emblem of the Hitler Youth. Beginning in 1933, the Hitler Youth and the League of German Girls had an important role to play in the new Nazi regime. Through these organizations, the Nazi regime planned to indoctrinate young people with Nazi ideology. This was part of the process of Nazifying German society. The aim of this process was to dismantle existing social structures and traditions. The Nazi youth groups were about imposing conformity. Youth throughout Germany wore the same uniforms, sang the same Nazi songs, and participated in similar activities. Knives such as this one emphasize the paramilitary nature of the Hitler Youth organization. It was designed to train boys as future fighters and soldiers for the Nazi cause. These items were found in a warehouse in Aachen, Germany, by US Army soldier Sidney Conners in July 1944. 
Artifact
Hitler Youth knife and case
Poster urging young Germans to join the Hitler Youth Landdienst [agricultural service]. It reads "Volunteers to the front! Youth to the land service of the Hitler Youth." 
Artifact
Hitler Youth poster

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