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  • Jewish Partisans

    Article

    Some Jews who managed to escape from ghettos and camps formed their own fighting, or partisan, units during World War II. Learn about life as a partisan.

    Jewish Partisans
  • Lodz - ID Cards/Oral Histories

    Media Essay

    German troops occupied Lodz one week after Germany invaded Poland in September 1939. In early 1940, the Germans established a ghetto in the northeast section of the city. More than 20 percent of the ghetto's population died as a direct result of i...

  • Postcard sent to Ruth Segal (front)

    Document

    A postcard sent to Ruth Segal (Rys Berkowicz) care of the Jewish Community (JewCom) in Kobe, Japan. Family and friends in German-occupied Warsaw, Poland, sent the postcard on June 20, 1941. It bears stamps both from the Jewish council (Judenrat) in the Warsaw ghetto and from German censors. [From the USHMM special exhibition Flight and Rescue.]

    Postcard sent to Ruth Segal (front)
  • Postcard sent to Ruth Segal (back)

    Document

    Family and friends of Ruth Segal (Rys Berkowicz) sent this postcard to her in Kobe, Japan. They sent the postcard from Warsaw, in German-occupied Poland, on June 20, 1941. [From the USHMM special exhibition Flight and Rescue.]

    Postcard sent to Ruth Segal (back)
  • Listing of Jews for deportation to Riga, Latvia

    Document

    The SS compiled lists of Jews who were to be deported to ghettos, concentration camps, and killing centers. This document provides the names, birthdates, marital status, and addresses of Jews who were “evacuated” on November 20, 1941 from Germany to the Riga ghetto in German-occupied Latvia.

    Listing of Jews for deportation to Riga, Latvia
  • Portrait of Hana Ergas

    Photo

    Portrait of Hana Ergas, wife of Isak Ergas. She lived at Zmayeva 20 in Bitola. This photograph was one of the individual and family portraits of members of the Jewish community of Bitola, Macedonia, used by Bulgarian occupation authorities to register the Jewish population prior to its deportation in March 1943.

    Portrait of Hana Ergas
  • View of a criminal wing in the prison at Nuremberg

    Photo

    View of a criminal wing in the prison at Nuremberg, housing war crimes trials defendants. Baltic guards under the supervision of American authorities patrol the wing and keep constant watch over the prisoners. The upper floors are screened off with heavy chicken wire to discourage suicide attempts. Nuremberg, Germany, between November 20, 1945, and October 1, 1946.

    View of a criminal wing in the prison at Nuremberg
  • View of the Palace of Justice in Nuremberg

    Photo

    View of the Palace of Justice (left), where the International Military Tribunal trial was held. Nuremberg, Germany, November 17, 1945. The Palace of Justice was selected by the Allied powers as the location for the International Military Tribunal (IMT) because it was the only undamaged facility extensive enough to accommodate a major trial. The site contained 20 courtrooms and a prison capable of holding 1,200 prisoners.

    View of the Palace of Justice in Nuremberg
  • Defendant Fritz Sauckel

    Photo

    Fritz Sauckel follows the proceedings of the International Military Tribunal trial of war criminals at Nuremberg.  He was found guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity and was sentenced to death. Photograph taken in Nuremberg, Germany, between November 20, 1945, and October 1, 1946. 

    Defendant Fritz Sauckel
  • Fiorello H. La Guardia while touring displaced persons camps

    Photo

    Former mayor of New York Fiorello H. La Guardia, on a tour of United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) camps in Europe, speaks to survivors. Duppel displaced persons camp. Germany, August 20, 1946.

    Fiorello H. La Guardia while touring displaced persons camps

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