![Friedrich Mennecke, a Euthanasia Program physician who was responsible for sending many patients to be gassed. [LCID: 02505]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/f9122fb0-8f32-47c7-884d-342f32a22243.jpg "Friedrich Mennecke, a Euthanasia Program physician who was responsible for sending many patients to be gassed. [LCID: 02505]")
Friedrich Mennecke, a Euthanasia Program physician who was responsible for sending many patients to be gassed. He was sentenced to death in 1946. Germany, date uncertain.
Item View![Personnel of T4, the agency created to administer the Nazi Euthanasia Program. [LCID: 01783]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/b2be51c5-45cf-4b02-81c7-d66a17ce63f8.jpg "Personnel of T4, the agency created to administer the Nazi Euthanasia Program. [LCID: 01783]")
Personnel of T4, the agency created to administer the Nazi Euthanasia Program. Pictured from left to right are: Erich Bauer (chauffeur), Dr. Rudolf Lonauer, Dr. Victor Ratka, Dr. Friedrich Mennecke, Dr. Paul Nitsche,and Dr. Gerhard Wischer. Berlin, Germany, 1939–45.
Item View![Head nurse of the children's ward at the Kaufbeuren-Irsee euthanasia facility. [LCID: 65379]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/f570895b-d4c3-4234-b2a2-4a92e4361a8c.jpg "Head nurse of the children's ward at the Kaufbeuren-Irsee euthanasia facility. [LCID: 65379]")
Head nurse of the children's ward at the Kaufbeuren-Irsee euthanasia facility. Kaufbeuren, Germany, 1945.
Item View![SS chief Heinrich Himmler (front row, left) and Mauthausen commandant Franz Ziereis (second from left) inspect the Mauthausen concentration ... [LCID: 83476]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/9276e97e-020d-4a6c-beca-6e556ae12e92.jpg "SS chief Heinrich Himmler (front row, left) and Mauthausen commandant Franz Ziereis (second from left) inspect the Mauthausen concentration ... [LCID: 83476]")
SS chief Heinrich Himmler (front row, left) and Mauthausen commandant Franz Ziereis (second from left) inspect inspect the Wiener Graben quarry during an official tour of the Mauthausen concentration camp. Austria, April 27, 1941.
Item View![Young German soldiers assist in the deportation of Jews from the Zychlin ghetto to the Chelmno camp. [LCID: 18876]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/c2088b68-613c-4fce-8705-01d9761c6e60.jpg "Young German soldiers assist in the deportation of Jews from the Zychlin ghetto to the Chelmno camp. [LCID: 18876]")
Young German soldiers assist in the deportation of Jews from the Zychlin ghetto to the Chelmno killing center. The Nazis planned this deportation to fall on the Jewish holiday of Purim. Poland, March 3, 1942.
Item View![Nazi physician Carl Clauberg, who performed medical experiments on prisoners in Block 10 of the Auschwitz camp. [LCID: 27044]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/8fd9bdd5-1119-4671-be39-701d9eff9aa3.jpg "Nazi physician Carl Clauberg, who performed medical experiments on prisoners in Block 10 of the Auschwitz camp. [LCID: 27044]")
Nazi physician Carl Clauberg, who performed medical experiments on prisoners in Block 10 of the Auschwitz camp. Place and date uncertain.
Item View
Josef Mengele, German physician and SS captain. He was the most prominent of a group of Nazi doctors who conducted medical experiments that often caused great harm or death to the prisoners. In November 1943 Mengele became "Chief Camp Physician" of Auschwitz II (Birkenau). Many of those subjected to Mengele's experiments died as a result or were murdered in order to facilitate post-mortem examination.
Item View![Adolf Eichmann, SS official in charge of deporting European Jewry. [LCID: 74907]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/351d4d95-d5c3-4b86-a2dc-278307fcbb27.jpg "Adolf Eichmann, SS official in charge of deporting European Jewry. [LCID: 74907]")
Adolf Eichmann, SS official in charge of deporting European Jewry. Germany, 1940.
Item View![Reinhard Heydrich, chief of the SD (Security Service) and Nazi governor of Bohemia and Moravia. [LCID: 91199]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/bcadb828-8352-4ddb-9350-f28080c6a055.jpg "Reinhard Heydrich, chief of the SD (Security Service) and Nazi governor of Bohemia and Moravia. [LCID: 91199]")
Reinhard Heydrich, chief of the SD (Security Service) and Nazi governor of Bohemia and Moravia. Place uncertain, 1942.
Item View![SS Lieutenant Klaus Barbie in Nazi uniform. Barbie, responsible for atrocities against Jews and resistance activists in France, was ... [LCID: 85252]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/614416b9-36ed-41e8-9dea-fcc760c5ea6b.jpg "SS Lieutenant Klaus Barbie in Nazi uniform. Barbie, responsible for atrocities against Jews and resistance activists in France, was ... [LCID: 85252]")
SS Lieutenant Klaus Barbie in Nazi uniform. Barbie, responsible for atrocities against Jews and resistance activists in France, was known as the "Butcher of Lyon." Germany, date uncertain.
Item View![Nazi physician Karl Brandt, director of the Euthanasia Program. [LCID: 09539]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/e6f0f37e-600f-47fd-b72a-7f58871a5698.jpg "Nazi physician Karl Brandt, director of the Euthanasia Program. [LCID: 09539]")
Nazi physician Karl Brandt, director of the Euthanasia Program. August 27, 1942.
Item View
We would like to thank Crown Family Philanthropies, Abe and Ida Cooper Foundation, the Claims Conference, EVZ, and BMF for supporting the ongoing work to create content and resources for the Holocaust Encyclopedia. View the list of donor acknowledgement.
![Franz Stangl, commandant of the Treblinka killing center. [LCID: 12234]](https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/images/large/5eec9922-c0c4-408b-b35f-f57675ff2a1e.jpg "Franz Stangl, commandant of the Treblinka killing center. [LCID: 12234]")