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Jewish partisans, survivors of the Warsaw ghetto uprising, at a family camp in Wyszkow forest. Poland, 1944.
Hieronim Sabala (known as "Flora"), a member of the "Gray Columns" (code name for the underground scouts of the Polish resistance movement). Warsaw, Poland, 1939.
Portrait of Tosia Altman (1918-1943), Jewish youth leader and member of the Jewish underground in the Warsaw ghetto.
Regina at Zelazowa Wola (near Warsaw), the birthplace of Frederick Chopin, during a visit to Poland in August 1980.
Portrait of Janusz Korczak, a Polish Jewish doctor and author who ran a Jewish orphanage in Warsaw, circa 1930.
Portrait of Rabbi Shimon Hoberband, who was involved in the activities of Emanuel Ringelblum's Oneg Shabbat archives in the Warsaw ghetto.
The Germans established Jewish councils (Judenraete) in the ghettos. Forced to implement Nazi policy, council leaders and members faced impossible moral dilemmas.
Explore a timeline of key events during 1940 in the history of Nazi Germany, World War II, and the Holocaust.
Leon Jakubowicz began constructing a model of the Lodz ghetto in the spring of 1940, after the ghetto was sealed. Explore the artifact and Leon's story.
From July 1941-May 1944, the SS camp at Trawniki had several purposes. It is best known as the training site for auxiliary police guards used in Nazi killing centers. Learn more.
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