Browse an alphabetical list of photographs. These historical images portray people, places, and events before, during, and after World War II and the Holocaust.
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A digital representation of the United States 84th Infantry Division's flag. The US 84th Infantry Division (the "Railsplitter" division) was established in 1917. During World War II, they were involved in the Battle of the Bulge and captured the city of Hannover. The division also uncovered Hannover-Ahlem and Salzwedel, two satellite camps of the Neuengamme concentration camp. The 84th Infantry Division was recognized as a liberating unit in 1993 by the United States Army Center of Military History and…
A digital representation of the United States 86th Infantry Division's flag. The US 86th Infantry Division (the "Blackhawk" division) was established in 1917 and fought in World War I. During World War II, they discovered the Attendorn civilian forced-labor camp. The 86th Infantry Division was recognized as a liberating unit in 1996 by the United States Army Center of Military History and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM).
A digital representation of the United States 89th Infantry Division's flag. The US 89th Infantry Division (the "Rolling W" division) was established in 1917 and fought in World War I. During World War II, they captured the town of Eisenach and the city of Zwickau. The division overran Ohrdruf, a subcamp of Buchenwald. The 89th Infantry Division was recognized as a liberating unit in 1988 by the United States Army Center of Military History and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM).
A digital representation of the United States 8th Armored Division's flag. The US 8th Armored Division is also known as the "Iron Snake" or "Thundering Herd" division. During World War II, they liberated Halberstadt-Zwieberge, a subcamp of Buchenwald. The 8th Armored Division was recognized as a liberating unit in 1995 by the United States Army Center of Military History and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM).
A digital representation of the United States 8th Infantry Division's flag. The US 8th Infantry Division (the "Golden Arrow" or "Pathfinder" division) was established in 1918 and fought in World War I. During World War II, they captured the cities of Rennes and Brest. The division also encountered Wöbbelin, a subcamp of Neuengamme. The 8th Infantry Division was recognized as a liberating unit in 1988 by the United States Army Center of Military History and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum…
A digital representation of the United States 90th Infantry Division's flag. The US 90th Infantry Division (the "Tough Ombre" division) was established in 1917 and fought in World War I. During World War II, they were involved in D-Day and the Battle of the Bulge. The division also captured the city of Mainz and overran Flossenbürg concentration camp. The 90th Infantry Division was recognized as a liberating unit in 1985 by the United States Army Center of Military History and the United States…
A digital representation of the United States 95th Infantry Division's flag. The US 95th Infantry Division (the "Victory" Division) was established in 1942. During World War II, they captured the cities of Metz and Dortmund. The division also undercovered a German prison and civilian labor camp in Werl. The 95th Infantry Division was recognized as a liberating unit in 1995 by the United States Army Center of Military History and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM).
A digital representation of the United States 99th Infantry Division's flag. The US 99th Infantry Division (the "Checkerboard" or "Battle Babies" division) was established in 1942. During World War II, they were invovled in the Battle of the Bulge and liberated a Dachau subcamp near Mühldorf. The 99th Infantry Division was recognized as a liberating unit in 1992 by the United States Army Center of Military History and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM).
A digital representation of the United States 9th Armored Division's flag. The US 9th Armored Division was known as the "Phantom" division. During World War II, they were involved in the Battle of the Bulge and also liberated Zwodau and Falkenau an der Eger, two subcamps of Flossenbürg. The 9th Armored Division was recognized as a liberating unit in 1993 by the United States Army Center of Military History and the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM).
Flags of liberating divisions are presented during a ceremony at the Museum's Tribute to Holocaust Survivors: Reunion of a Special Family. This tribute was one of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum's tenth anniversary events. Washington, DC, November 2003.
Flags of US Army liberating divisions on display at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington D.C.
View through the barbed wire of the prisoner barracks in the Flossenbürg concentration camp. Flossenbürg, Germany, 1942.
Aluminum food container lid used by a Hungarian Jewish family on the Kasztner train. The family had used the container on outings outside Budapest. It later accompanied them to Bergen-Belsen, Switzerland and, finally, to the United States.
Footbridge over Chlodna Street, connecting two parts of the Warsaw ghetto. The street below was not part of the ghetto. Warsaw, Poland, date uncertain.
The footbridge over Zgierska Street that joined the two parts of the Lodz ghetto. The street itself was not part of the ghetto. Leon Jakubowicz's model of the Lodz ghetto recreates, on a small scale, the physical appearance of the ghetto, creating the shape of the model to mimic the exact boundaries, streets, and buildings that had a major impact on daily life in the ghetto. Lodz, Poland, ca. 1941. During the Holocaust, the creation of ghettos was a key step in the Nazi process of brutally separating,…
The footbridge over Zgierska Street that joined the two parts of the Lodz ghetto. The street itself was not part of the ghetto. Lodz, Poland, ca. 1941.
Assembly line where prisoners were forced to manufacture V-bombs at the Dora-Mittelbau concentration camp, near Nordhausen. Germany, April-May 1945.
Prisoners at forced labor building airplane parts at the Siemens factory in the Bobrek labor camp, a subcamp of Auschwitz. February-June 1944. David Stein is pictured in the row to the right, with his back to the camera; his brother Charles is in the same row, fourth from the left, facing the camera.
Prisoners at forced labor building an extension to the camp. Auschwitz-Birkenau, Poland, 1942–43.
Prisoners at forced labor in the quarry of the Mauthausen concentration camp. Austria, date uncertain.
SS men supervise laborers at construction work. Neuengamme concentration camp, Germany, winter 1943.
Jews from a Slovak labor battalion working at road building. Slovakia, December 1941.
A Jewish man and child at forced labor in a factory in the Lodz ghetto. Lodz, Poland, date uncertain.
Forced labor in the quarry of the Mauthausen concentration camp. Austria, date uncertain.
Prisoners at forced labor digging a drainage or sewage trench in Auschwitz. Auschwitz, Poland, 1942–43.
Prisoners at forced labor near the entrance to the Buchenwald concentration camp, Germany, 1937–45.
Sami Dorra working at dam construction in the Im Fout labor camp. The camp was approximately 59 miles southwest of Casablanca, and housed a group of foreign workers. Im Fout, Morocco, 1941-42.
Forced labor in a workshop in the Monowitz camp, part of the Auschwitz camp complex. Poland, between 1941 and January 1945.
Prisoners at forced labor in the brick factory at Neuengamme concentration camp. Germany, date uncertain.
Women prisoners pull dumpcars filled with stones in the camp quarry. Plaszow camp, Poland, 1944.
Prisoners at forced labor in the Neuengamme concentration camp, Germany, 1941-1942.
A Jewish man deported from Vienna, Austria, performs forced labor in the Opole Lubelskie ghetto. Poland, date uncertain.
Prisoners at forced labor under SS and police guard in the Oranienburg concentration camp. Oranienburg was one of the first first concentration camps established in Germany. Oranienburg, Germany, 1934.
Inmates at forced labor in the Ravensbrück concentration camp. Germany, between 1940 and 1942.
Romani (Gypsy) inmates stand at attention during an inspection of the weaving mill, site of forced labor in the Ravensbrück concentration camp. In this workshop prisoners wove reed mats used to reinforce roads in swampy regions of the eastern front. Germany, between 1941 and 1944. This photograph is from an SS propaganda album.
Prisoners at forced labor in the Siemens factory. Auschwitz camp, Poland, 1940–44.
As a German soldier looks on, Tunisian Jews are forced to sweep the street and move a wooden crate on a hand cart. Tunisia, 1942-43. Photograph courtesy of Bundesarchiv, German Federal Archives
Jewish women sort confiscated clothing in the Lodz ghetto. Photograph taken by Mendel Grossman between 1941 and 1944. Mendel Grossman photograph collection
Forced laborers build the south wall of the foundation of the new Dachau satellite camp of Weingut I in Mühldorf . Germany, 1944.
With bowls in hand, conscripts of a Jewish Hungarian labor unit wait for food. Abony, Hungary, 1940.
Forced-labor camp for Roma (Gypsies). Lety, Czechoslovakia, wartime.
Fleeing the advance of the Soviet army, the Germans forcibly evacuated westward by barge these prisoners of the Stutthof concentration camp. Near Danzig, January 1945.
Jewish homes in flames after the Nazis set residential buildings on fire in an effort to force Jews out of hiding during the Warsaw ghetto uprising. Poland, April 19–May 16, 1943.
Foreign Jews arrested in Paris at the Austerlitz train station before deportation to the French-administered internment camps Pithiviers and Beaune-la-Rolande in the Loire region. Paris, France, ca. May 1941.
A group of foreign-born Jews poses for a photo in Gurs, a French internment camp in southwestern France. Gurs, France, 1941. Samuel Liebermensch is pictured at the center. Hugo Mayer is seated on the lower right. Siegfried Lindheimer is pictured in the first row , second from the left.
Judge Thomas Buergenthal, formal portrait for the International Court of Justice in the Hague. ca. 2003.
Postwar photograph of gas chamber for mass murder in the Auschwitz main camp. Poland, ca. 1947. In mid-August 1940, Auschwitz concentration camp authorities put into operation a crematorium adjacent to a morgue. This building was located just outside the boundaries of the Auschwitz main camp. In September 1941, the morgue was converted to a gas chamber for mass murder where several hundred people could be killed at a time. This gas chamber was used until December 1942, though the crematorium remained…
Former prisoners of the "little camp" in Buchenwald stare out from the wooden bunks in which they slept three to a "bed." Elie Wiesel is pictured in the second row of bunks, seventh from the left, next to the vertical beam. Abraham Hipler is pictured in the second row, fourth from the left. The man on the third bunk from the bottom, third from the left, is Ignacz (Isaac) Berkovicz. [He has also been identified as Abraham Baruch.] Michael Nikolas Gruner, originally from Hungary, is pictured on the bottom…
American military police admit a father and daughter, both displaced persons, to the refugee shelter at Fort Ontario. Oswego, New York, United States, after August 4, 1944.
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