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Forced labor in a workshop in the Monowitz camp, part of the Auschwitz camp complex. Poland, between 1941 and January 1945.
Chart indicating the workforce of the Auschwitz-Monowitz camp by category and nationality of inmates. Poland, January 16, 1945.
Clandestine photograph, taken by a German civilian, of Dachau concentration camp prisoners on a death march south through a village on the way to Wolfratshausen. Germany, between April 26 and 30, 1945.
Piles of prayer shawls that belonged to Jewish victims, found after the liberation of the Auschwitz camp. Poland, after January 1945.
Scene after the liberation of the Auschwitz camp: a warehouse of clothes that belonged to women who were murdered there. Auschwitz, Poland, after January 1945.
African American soldiers of the US Army escort German civilians through a site where camp prisoners were massacred during a death march from Buchenwald. Such tours forced Germans to recognize the crimes committed by the SS. Near Nammering, Germany, 1945.
Former prisoners of Wöbbelin, a subcamp of Neuengamme, are taken to a hospital for medical attention. Germany, May 4, 1945.
Corpses found when US troops liberated the Gusen camp, a subcamp of the Mauthausen concentration camp. Austria, after May 12, 1945.
A US soldier tends to a former prisoner lying among corpses of victims at the Dora-Mittelbau concentration camp, near Nordhausen. Germany, after April 10, 1945.
US troops view bodies of victims of Kaufering IV, a Dachau subcamp in the Landsberg-Kaufering area. Germany, April 30, 1945.
After the occupation of Odessa, Ukrainian Jews wait to register. Odessa, Soviet Union, October 22, 1941.
Reinhard Heydrich, chief of the SD (Security Service) and Nazi governor of Bohemia and Moravia. Place uncertain, 1942.
Two survivors prepare food outside the barracks in Dachau, Germany, May 1945. This image is among the commonly reproduced and distributed images of liberation. These photographs provided powerful documentation of the crimes of the Nazi era.
A US soldier on an inspection tour of Buchenwald poses for a photograph beside a wagon laden with corpses. The soldier is probably a member of the Headquarters and Service Company, 183rd Engineer Combat Battalion, 8th Corps, US 3rd Army, which arrived at Buchenwald on April 17, 1945, several days after the camp's liberation.
Members of the 12th Armored Division, which included African American platoons, await their orders. Germany, April 1945.
African American soldier Warren Capers was recommended for a Silver Star for his actions during the Allied invasion of France. He and his medical detachment aided more than 330 soldiers. France, August 18, 1944.
African Americans were among the liberators of the Buchenwald concentration camp. William Scott, seen here during training, was a military photographer and helped document Nazi crimes in the camp. Alabama, United States, March 1943.
Father Charles Coughlin, leader of the antisemitic Christian Front, delivers a radio broadcast. Detroit, United States, March 11, 1935.
Father Charles Coughlin, leader of the antisemitic Christian Front, delivers a radio broadcast. United States, February 4, 1940.
The Aliyah Bet ("illegal" immigration) ship Parita, carrying 850 Jewish refugees, lands on a sandbank off the Tel Aviv coast. The British arrested the passengers and interned them at Atlit detention camp. Palestine, August 21, 1939.
Aliyah Bet ("illegal" immigration) ship Tiger Hill, carrying Jewish refugees from Europe, lands in Tel Aviv, Palestine. Jewish residents of Palestine greet the ship. September 1, 1939.
Jewish refugees on board the Aliyah Bet ("illegal" immigration) ship Atrato. The ship was caught by the British off the coast of Jaffa, Palestine, and escorted to Haifa port. July 17, 1939.
Rabbi Michael Dov Weissmandel, leader of the Working Group (Pracovna Skupina), a Jewish underground group devoted to the rescue of Slovak Jewry.
Jewish refugees line up to receive food provided by the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (JDC) after the war. Shanghai, China, 1945-1946.
Scene during the Evian Conference on Jewish refugees. On the far right are two of the US delegates: Myron Taylor and James McDonald of the President's Advisory Committee on Political Refugees. Evian-les-Bains, France, July 1938.
British Zionist leader Norman Bentwich (left) with Henri Berenger, French delegate to the Evian Conference on Jewish refugees. Evian-les-Bains, France, July 1938.
Myron Taylor, US delegate to the Evian Conference, pleads for the establishment of an intergovernmental committee to facilitate Jewish emigration. Evian-les-Bains, France, July 15, 1938.
United States delegate Myron Taylor delivers a speech at the Evian Conference on Jewish refugees from Nazi Germany. Evian-les-Bains, France, July 15, 1938.
Postcard showing Evian-les-Bains, a French resort of Evian on Lake Geneva, at the time of the 1938 Evian conference on refugees.
Barracks for prisoners at the Flossenbürg concentration camp, seen here after liberation of the camp by US forces. Flossenbürg, Germany, May 5, 1945.
View of the Flossenbürg concentration camp after the liberation of the camp by US forces. Flossenbürg, Germany, 1945.
Execution site in the Flossenbürg concentration camp, seen here after liberation of the camp by US armed forces. Flossenbürg, Germany, after May 1945.
After the liberation of the Flossenbürg camp, a US Army officer (right) examines a crematorium oven in which Flossenbürg camp victims were cremated. Flossenbürg, Germany, April 30, 1945.
Survivors of the Wöbbelin camp wait for evacuation to an American field hospital where they will receive medical attention. Germany, May 4-6, 1945.
Survivors in a barracks at the Wöbbelin concentration camp. Germany, May 4–5, 1945.
After the liberation of the camp, the US Army ordered the local townspeople to bury the corpses of prisoners killed in the camp. This photograph shows troops observing a moment of silence at a mass funeral for victims of the Wöbbelin camp. Germany, May 7, 1945.
German civilians from Ludwigslust file past the corpses and graves of 200 prisoners from the nearby concentration camp of Wöbbelin. The US Army ordered the townspeople to bury the corpses on the palace grounds of the Archduke of Mecklenburg. Germany, May 7, 1945. Outraged by what they found upon entering the camp, the ranking Allied commanders in the area forced civilians from the nearby towns of Schwerin, Hagenow, and Ludwigslust to view the concentration camp and then bury the bodies of prisoners…
After the liberation of the Wöbbelin camp, US troops forced the townspeople of Ludwigslust to bury the bodies of prisoners killed in the camp. This photo shows US troops assembled at the mass funeral in Ludwigslust. Germany, May 7, 1945.
Under orders from officers of the US 8th Infantry Division, German civilians from Schwerin attend funeral services for 80 prisoners killed at the Wöbbelin concentration camp. The townspeople were ordered to bury the prisoners' corpses in the town square. Germany, May 8, 1945.
Flags of US Army liberating divisions on display at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington D.C.
Flags of liberating divisions are presented during a ceremony at the Museum's Tribute to Holocaust Survivors: Reunion of a Special Family. This tribute was one of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum's tenth anniversary events. Washington, DC, November 2003.
Ben Meed, President, American Gathering of Jewish Holocaust Survivors, standing in front of flags of the liberating divisions. This photograph was taken as he spoke at a ceremony held during the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum's Tribute to Holocaust Survivors: Reunion of a Special Family. This was one of the Museum's tenth anniversary events. Washington, DC, November 2003.
Elie Wiesel became Founding Chairman of the United States Holocaust Memorial Council in 1980. Here, he speaks at a ceremony held during the Tribute to Holocaust Survivors, one of the Museum's tenth anniversary events. Flags of US Army liberating divisions form the backdrop to the ceremony. Washington, DC, November 2003.
View of a ceremony held during the Museum's Tribute to Holocaust Survivors: Reunion of a Special Family, one of the United States Holocaust Museum's tenth anniversary events. Flags of the liberating divisions form the backdrop to the ceremony. Washington, DC, November 2003.
Scene during the 2001 Days of Remembrance ceremony, in the Rotunda of the US Capitol. Flags of the liberating divisions feature prominently in the Museum's Days of Remembrance ceremonies. Washington, DC, 2001.
Insignia of the 65th Infantry Division. The 65th Infantry Division was nicknamed the "Battle Axe" after the divisional insignia, a halbert (an axe on a pole), used to cut through the enemy during medieval times.
Insignia of the 45th Infantry Division. The 45th Infantry Division gained its nickname, "Thunderbird" division, from the gold thunderbird. This Native American symbol became the division's insignia in 1939. It replaced another previously used Native American symbol, a swastika, that was withdrawn when it became closely associated with the Nazi Party.
Insignia of the 42nd Infantry Division. The nickname of the 42nd Infantry Division, the "Rainbow" division, reflects the composition of the division during World War I. The division was drawn from the National Guards of 26 states and the District of Columbia. It represented a cross section of the American people, as the rainbow represents a cross section of colors.
Insignia of the 36th Infantry Division. The 36th Infantry Division, the "Texas" division, was raised from National Guard units from Texas and Oklahoma during World War I. The "T" in the division's insignia represents Texas, the arrowhead Oklahoma. The division was also sometimes called the "Lone Star" division, again symbolizing its Texas roots.
Insignia of the 29th Infantry Division. "Blue and Gray" was coined as the nickname of the 29th Infantry Division by the division's commander during World War I. The name commemorates the lineage of the mid-Atlantic states' National Guard units that formed the division, many with service on both sides during the Civil War.
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