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Survivors

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  • Norman Salsitz's daughter

    Photo

    Norman's daughter, Esther, at age one. April 1957. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to the United States. Norman was one of them.

    Norman Salsitz's daughter
  • Norman Salsitz in the United States

    Photo

    Norman (with camera) in the United States. August 1948. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to the United States. Norman was one of them.

    Norman Salsitz in the United States
  • Norman Salsitz's grandchildren

    Photo

    Norman's grandchildren, Dustin, Aaron, and Michael. September 30, 1993. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to the United States. Norman was one of them.

    Norman Salsitz's grandchildren
  • Norman Salsitz's grandchildren in 1997

    Photo

    Norman's grandchildren, Michael, Dustin, and Aaron in 1997. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to the United States. Norman was one of them.

    Norman Salsitz's grandchildren in 1997
  • Thomas as a law student

    Photo

    Thomas Buergenthal as a law student, 1959–60. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to the United States. Thomas was one of them. 

    Thomas as a law student
  • Nazi Hunting: Simon Wiesenthal

    Article

    Holocaust survivor Simon Wiesenthal dedicated his life to raising public awareness of the need to hunt and prosecute Nazis who had evaded justice.

  • Lampertheim Displaced Persons Camp

    Article

    After WWII, many Holocaust survivors, unable to return to their homes, lived in displaced persons camps in Germany, Austria, and Italy. Read about Lampertheim DP camp.

    Lampertheim Displaced Persons Camp
  • Lindenfels Displaced Persons Camp

    Article

    After WWII, many Holocaust survivors, unable to return to their homes, lived in displaced persons camps in Germany, Austria, and Italy. Read about Lindenfels DP camp.

    Lindenfels Displaced Persons Camp
  • München Neu Freimann Displaced Persons Camp

    Article

    After WWII, many Holocaust survivors, unable to return to their homes, lived in displaced persons camps in Germany, Austria, and Italy. Read about München Neu Freimann DP camp.

    München Neu Freimann Displaced Persons Camp
  • Thomas Buergenthal with one of his grandchildren

    Photo

    Thomas with Eliza, one of his grandchildren. 1996. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to the United States. Thomas was one of them. 

    Thomas Buergenthal with one of his grandchildren
  • Norman Salsitz with his sister Rachel and brother David

    Photo

    This 1925 photograph taken in Kolbuszowa, Poland, shows Norman Salsitz (at right) with his sister Rachel (left) and brother David (center). With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to…

    Norman Salsitz with his sister Rachel and brother David
  • Norman Salsitz and Amalie Petranka shortly after they met

    Photo

    Norman Salsitz and Amalie Petranka shortly after they met (under their assumed identities of, respectively, Felicja Milaszewska and Tadeusz Zaleski). Krakow, Poland, March 15, 1945. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than…

    Norman Salsitz and Amalie Petranka shortly after they met
  • Amalie and Norman Salsitz, Brooklyn, New York, 1949

    Photo

    1949 photograph of Amalie and Norman Salsitz in Brooklyn, New York, two years after they came to the United States. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to the United…

    Amalie and Norman Salsitz, Brooklyn, New York, 1949
  • Norman Salsitz's wife and daughter

    Photo

    Norman's daughter, Esther, at three weeks of age, with her mother, Amalie. September 1956. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to the United States. Norman was one of them.

    Norman Salsitz's wife and daughter
  • Amalie and Norman Salsitz go to Israel

    Photo

    Amalie and Norman Salsitz go to Israel to visit family members. Lod (Lydda), Israel, February 9, 1949. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to the United States. Norman was one of…

    Amalie and Norman Salsitz go to Israel
  • Photograph taken at Esther Salsitz's marriage

    Photo

    Photograph taken at the marriage of Esther Salsitz and her fiance. Esther's parents, Norman and Amalie, stand at left and right (respectively). June 19, 1977. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust…

    Photograph taken at Esther Salsitz's marriage
  • Norman and Amalie Salsitz with their first grandchild

    Photo

    Norman and Amalie Salsitz with their first grandchild, Dustin. March 11, 1983. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to the United States. Norman was one of them.

    Norman and Amalie Salsitz with their first grandchild
  • Amalie and Norman Salsitz with a copy of their book

    Photo

    June 6, 1991, photograph showing Amalie and Norman Salsitz with a copy of their book, Against All Odds. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to the United States. Norman was one of…

    Amalie and Norman Salsitz with a copy of their book
  • Norman Salsitz holds a photograph of himself and Amalie

    Photo

    Norman Salsitz holds a photograph of himself and Amalie from 1945. 2004. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to the United States. Norman was one of them.

    Norman Salsitz holds a photograph of himself and Amalie
  • Norman Salsitz holds a photograph of his wife and daughter

    Photo

    Norman Salsitz holds a photograph of his wife, Amalie, and daughter, Esther. 2004. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to the United States. Norman was one of them.

    Norman Salsitz holds a photograph of his wife and daughter
  • Norman Salsitz looking through his photographs

    Photo

    Norman Salsitz looks through his prewar family photographs. 2004. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to the United States. Norman was one of them.

    Norman Salsitz looking through his photographs
  • Thomas's parents, Mundek and Gerda

    Photo

    Thomas Buergenthal's parents, Mundek and Gerda (b. 1912). Czechoslovakia, 1933 or 1934. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to the United States. Thomas was one of them. 

    Thomas's parents, Mundek and Gerda
  • Three-year-old Thomas during a stay at a hotel in Czechoslovakia

    Photo

    Three-year-old Thomas Buergenthal during a stay at a hotel in Czechoslovakia, 1937. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to the United States. Thomas was one of them. 

    Three-year-old Thomas during a stay at a hotel in Czechoslovakia
  • Three-year-old Thomas Buergenthal with his parents

    Photo

    Three-year-old Thomas Buergenthal with his parents, Mundek and Gerda. Czechoslovakia, June 1937. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to the United States. Thomas was one of them. 

    Three-year-old Thomas Buergenthal with his parents
  • Thomas Buergenthal with his mother, Gerda, in Goettingen

    Photo

    Thomas Buergenthal with his mother, Gerda, in Goettingen, Germany, 1950. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to the United States. Thomas was one of them. 

    Thomas Buergenthal with his mother, Gerda, in Goettingen
  • Thomas with his mother, Gerda, before Thomas's departure for the United States

    Photo

    Thomas Buergenthal with his mother, Gerda, before Thomas's departure for the United States. Bad Neuheim, Germany, summer 1951. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to the United…

    Thomas with his mother, Gerda, before Thomas's departure for the United States
  • Thomas Buergenthal after arriving in the United States

    Photo

    Thomas (standing, right), then known as "Tommy," with relatives shortly after arriving in the United States. New Jersey, ca. 1952. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to the United…

    Thomas Buergenthal after arriving in the United States
  • Thomas Buergenthal at New York University

    Photo

    Thomas Buergenthal as a student at New York University, 1957–60. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to the United States. Thomas was one of them. 

    Thomas Buergenthal at New York University
  • Thomas Buergenthal with his first wife, Dorothy

    Photo

    Thomas with his first wife, Dorothy, at the Zeta Tau Alpha Spring Formal, 1957. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to the United States. Thomas was one of them. 

    Thomas Buergenthal with his first wife, Dorothy
  • Thomas Buergenthal at Auschwitz in 1995

    Photo

    Thomas Buergenthal at Auschwitz in 1995, fifty years to the day after his forced march out of the camp as a child. Poland, 1995. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to the United…

    Thomas Buergenthal at Auschwitz in 1995
  • Thomas's three sons and granddaughter

    Photo

    Thomas Buergenthal's three sons, Robert, John (holding daughter Eliza), and Alan. 1996. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to the United States. Thomas was one of them. 

    Thomas's three sons and granddaughter
  • Photograph of Thomas Buergenthal with his wife, Peggy

    Photo

    Photograph of Thomas with his wife, Peggy. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to the United States. Thomas was one of them. 

    Photograph of Thomas Buergenthal with his wife, Peggy
  • Victor Gelb

    Photo

    Regina met Victor Gelb, a young Jewish American, in 1950 in Brooklyn. Victor had been drafted into the Korean War.  This photograph shows Victor (left) in September 1952. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000…

    Victor Gelb
  • Deggendorf Songbook

    Timeline Event

    December 1, 1945. On this date, survivors of the Deggendorf displaced persons camp gave a songbook to the UNRRA director Carl Atkin.

    Deggendorf Songbook
  • The Aftermath of the Holocaust

    Animated Map

    View an animated map describing some of the challenges survivors faced in the aftermath of the Holocaust, when many feared returning to their former homes.

    The Aftermath of the Holocaust
  • Combating Holocaust Denial: Evidence of the Holocaust presented at Nuremberg

    Article

    At the Nuremberg trials, Allied prosecutors submitted documentation left by the Nazi state itself. This evidence is a lasting refutation of attempts to deny the Holocaust.

    Combating Holocaust Denial: Evidence of the Holocaust presented at Nuremberg
  • Aftermath of a pogrom in Iasi

    Photo

    Police force Romanian Jews, survivors of a pogrom in Iasi, to board a train during their expulsion from Iasi to Calarasi. Iasi, Romania, late June 1941.

    Aftermath of a pogrom in Iasi
  • Demonstrating torture

    Photo

    A survivor shows US Generals Eisenhower, Patton, and Bradley how inmates at the Ohrdruf camp were tortured. Ohrdruf, Germany, April 1945.

    Demonstrating torture
  • Simon Wiesenthal

    Photo

    Simon Wiesenthal, Holocaust survivor and an investigator of Nazi war criminals, tours a synagogue for refugee Jews in central Europe. Place uncertain, 1946.

    Simon Wiesenthal
  • Jewish partisans at a camp in the forest

    Photo

    Jewish partisans, survivors of the Warsaw ghetto uprising, at a family camp in Wyszkow forest. Poland, 1944.

    Jewish partisans at a camp in the forest
  • Map of Theresienstadt from an original document

    Photo

    Map of Theresienstadt from an original document (1942-1945) and mounted in an album assembled by a survivor.

    Map of Theresienstadt from an original document
  • Mauthausen barracks

    Photo

    Emaciated survivors in barracks in the Mauthausen camp. Austria, May 1945, after liberation.

    Mauthausen barracks
  • Portrait of Benjamin Meed

    Photo

    Portrait of Benjamin Meed, leading advocate for Jewish Holocaust survivors and a founder of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. 

    Portrait of Benjamin Meed
  • Trying on shoes

    Photo

    Soon after liberation, a British woman helps a camp survivor try on shoes. Bergen-Belsen, Germany, after May 1945.

    Trying on shoes
  • Gabersee Displaced Persons Camp

    Article

    After WWII, many Holocaust survivors, unable to return to their homes, lived in displaced persons camps in Germany, Austria, and Italy. Read about Gabersee DP camp.

    Gabersee Displaced Persons Camp
  • Displaced Persons: Administration

    Article

    Learn about the establishment and administration of displaced persons camps after WWII and the experiences of Jewish DPs.

    Displaced Persons: Administration
  • Tower of Sephardic faces: The Jewish community of Monastir, Macedonia

    Article

    On March 11, 1943, over 3,000 of Monastir’s Jews were deported to Treblinka. Learn more about the history of the community and postwar memorialization.

    Tower of Sephardic faces: The Jewish community of Monastir, Macedonia
  • Liberation

    Article

    The first major Nazi camp was liberated by Allied troops in July, 1944. Learn more about liberation of camps towards the end of World War II.

    Liberation
  • Displaced Persons Camps in the Steiermark District

    Article

    After WWII, many Holocaust survivors, unable to return to their homes, lived in displaced persons camps in Germany, Austria, and Italy. Read about Steiermark District DP camps.

    Displaced Persons Camps in the Steiermark District
  • John Demjanjuk: Prosecution of A Nazi Collaborator

    Article

    John Demjanjuk, initially convicted as “Ivan the Terrible,” was tried for war crimes committed as a collaborator of the Nazi regime during the Holocaust.

    John Demjanjuk: Prosecution of A Nazi Collaborator

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