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Learn about the vibrant Jewish community of Kalisz between World War I and World War II.
Learn about the rescue activities and the fates of Ona Simaite in Lithuania, Joop Westerweel in the Netherlands, and Irena Sendler in Poland.
US filmmaker and photographer Julien Bryan was one of the few western photographers left in Warsaw upon the German invasion of Poland in September 1939.
Learn about the “Tehran Children,” a group of Polish-Jewish refugees. In 1942, they were resettled from the Soviet Union to Palestine via Iran.
A Polish town in ruins after six years of war and German occupation. Poland, 1945.
The Lachwa ghetto was established in Łachwa, Poland in April, 1942. Learn more about the ghetto and uprising.
Read a summary extract from Eliezer Breslin’s testimony on escaping from the Mir ghetto, given during the WWII war crimes investigation into Semion Serafinowicz.
Learn more about how the Nazis identified and tattooed prisoners at the Auschwitz concentration camp complex.
The Germans established the Blechhammer camp as a subcamp of Auschwitz in April 1941. Learn about the camp's history and conditions there.
Explore a timeline of key events during the history of the Krakow ghetto in German-occupied Poland.
Learn more about the efforts of L.P.J. de Decker, Jan Zwartendijk, and Chiune Sugihara to help Polish Jewish refugees escape Lithuania during the war.
Learn about the administration and commandants of the Auschwitz camp complex in German-occupied Poland.
Adela was the youngest of five children born to religious Jewish parents in the industrial city of Lvov. Often known by her nickname, Putzi, she grew up in the same building as her paternal grandparents and learned to speak Polish, German and Yiddish. She attended public and private schools in Lvov before graduating from a Polish secondary school. 1933-39: Adela's dream was to go on to medical school. But the tiny Jewish quota at colleges and universities virtually excluded Jews from enrolling. By…
View of the manor house in Chelmno that became the site of the Chelmno killing center. Chelmno, Poland, 1939.
Julien Bryan’s ten-minute film Siege, first non-Nazi produced footage of the start of WWII, records horror and chaos in Warsaw following the German invasion.
Assembly point for Poles displaced by the German Race and Resettlement Main Office (RuSHA). Sol, Poland, September 24, 1940.
Norman Salsitz while under the assumed identity Tadeusz Zaleski. Legnica, Poland, 1945.
Mendel was raised in a large, Yiddish-speaking, religious Jewish family in Sokolow Podlaski, a manufacturing town in central Poland with a large Jewish population of about 5,000. Upon completing school, Mendel worked as a shoemaker. He was also active in a local Zionist organization. 1933-39: Mendel was married and had a family when the Germans invaded Poland on September 1, 1939. Aircraft bombed the town's market and other civilian targets before victorious German troops marched into Sokolow Podlaski on…
One of the oldest cities in Poland, Kalisz played a pivotal role in Polish Jewish history. Learn about the Jewish Community in Kalisz from the 12th Century to WWI.
Stefania Podgorska (right), pictured here with her younger sister Helena (left), helped Jews survive in German-occupied Poland. She supplied food to Jews in the Przemysl ghetto. Following the German destruction of the ghetto in 1943, she saved 13 Jews by hiding them in her attic. Przemysl, Poland, 1944.
Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939. The Blitzkrieg ("lightning war") campaign in Poland was short and decisive. Warsaw, the capital of Poland, surrendered on September 27. In early October, Adolf Hitler visited Warsaw to review his forces. This footage shows victorious German army units parading before Hitler in the streets of the devastated city.
American Jewish Congress president Stephen S. Wise (center right), with Dr. Ignacy Schiper (far left), a Polish Zionist. Warsaw, Poland, 1936.
Regina and her mother at the Busko-Zdroj spa (note that her mother used a cane and little Regina has been given a child's cane). Poland, early 1930s.
German soldiers hold Poles, including Polish clerics, hostage. Bydgoszcz, Poland, September 9, 1939.
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