Browse an alphabetical list of photographs. These historical images portray people, places, and events before, during, and after World War II and the Holocaust.
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A group of Macedonian Jewish youth, members of a band, pose with their instruments on a makeshift stage in Bitola. September 18, 1930.
Macedonian Jews leave the Tobacco Monopoly transit camp in Skopje for the deportation trains. Skopje, Yugoslavia, March 1943. The Jews of Bulgarian-occupied Thrace and Macedonia were deported in March 1943. On March 11, 1943, over 7,000 Macedonian Jews from Skopje, Bitola, and Stip were rounded up and assembled at the Tobacco Monopoly in Skopje, whose several buildings had been hastily converted into a transit camp. The Macedonian Jews were kept there between eleven and eighteen days, before being…
Macedonian Jews prepare to board a deportation train in Skopje. Skopje, Yugoslavia, March 1943. The Jews of Bulgarian-occupied Thrace and Macedonia were deported in March 1943. On March 11, 1943, over 7,000 Macedonian Jews from Skopje, Bitola, and Stip were rounded up and assembled at the Tobacco Monopoly in Skopje, whose several buildings had been hastily converted into a transit camp. The Macedonian Jews were kept there between eleven and eighteen days, before being deported by train in three transports…
After the defeat of France, a German soldier examines French fortifications along the Maginot Line, a series of fortifications along the border with Germany. France, 1940.
Signed portrait of German physician and sex researcher Magnus Hirschfeld (1868–1935). Hirschfeld sought to educate the public about sexuality. He advocated for the decriminalization of sexual relations between men, which was banned under Paragraph 175 of the German criminal code. Photo dated November 12, 1927.
Main entrance to the Auschwitz-Birkenau killing center. This photograph was taken some time after the liberation of the camp in January 1945. Poland, date uncertain.
View of watchtower and fence at the Majdanek camp, after liberation. Poland, after July 22, 1944.
Bodies of US soldiers killed by Waffen SS troops during the Malmedy Massacre on December 17, 1944. Photograph taken in January 1945.
A crowd waits outside the American military court for the announcement of a verdict in the Malmedy war crimes trial of SS soldiers accused of taking part in the massacre of American prisoners of war. Dachau, Germany, July 16, 1946.
View of the manor house in Chelmno that became the site of the Chelmno killing center. Chelmno, Poland, 1939.
Manzanar relocation center for Japanese Americans, photographed by Ansel Adams. Bird's-eye view of the grounds from the guard tower.
Map of Theresienstadt from an original document (1942-1945) and mounted in an album assembled by a survivor.
Marcelle Bock (born Marcelle Burakowski) was born in 1931. She was the oldest of three girls. She had twin sisters, two years younger than herself, named Berthe and Jenny. Her father worked as a tailor of men's overcoats. Marcelle is ten years old in this photograph. Her sisters are eight years old. Marcelle, her mother, and sisters were arrested during the roundup of July 16-17, 1942, and taken to the Vélodrome d'Hiver in Paris, France. Marcelle managed to escape during transit from…
Fascist supporters during the "March on Rome," after which Fascist leader Benito Mussolini was appointed Italian Prime Minister. Italy, October 1922.
A march supporting the Nazi movement during an election campaign in 1932. Berlin, Germany, March 11, 1932.
Margot and Anne Frank before their family fled to the Netherlands. Bad Aachen, Germany, October 1933.
Fifteen-year-old Marie Doležalová testifies for the prosecution at the RuSHA Trial. She was one of the children kidnapped by the Germans after they destroyed the town of Lidice, Czechoslovakia, in June 1942. Nuremberg, Germany, October 30, 1947.
Studio portrait of Martha Sharp. Martha and Waitstill Sharp, American Unitarian aide workers, helped thousands of Jews, intellectuals, and children in Prague, Lisbon, and southern France in 1939–1940.
Martin Niemöller, a prominent Protestant pastor who opposed the Nazi regime. He spent the last seven years of Nazi rule in concentration camps. Germany, 1937.
German naval officer Martin Niemöller (top, foreground) commands a U-Boat during World War I. Flensburg, Germany , ca. 1914–17.
Martin Niemöller, a German theologian and pastor, on a visit to the United States after the war. A leader of the anti-Nazi Confessing Church, he spent the last seven years of Nazi rule in concentration camps. United States, October 4, 1946.
Marzahn, the first internment camp for Roma (Gypsies) in the Third Reich. Germany, date uncertain.
Site where members of Einsatzgruppe A and Estonian collaborators carried out a mass execution of Jews in September 1941. Kalevi-Liiva, Estonia, after September 1944.
Site where members of Einsatzgruppe A and Estonian collaborators carried out a mass execution of Jews in September 1941. Kalevi-Liiva, Estonia, after September 1944.
After camp liberation, one of the mass graves at the Bergen-Belsen camp. Germany, after April 15, 1945.
A mass grave at Bergen-Belsen soon after the liberation of the camp. Bergen-Belsen, Germany, May 1945.
A mass grave at the Mauthausen concentration camp. Photograph taken after the liberation of the camp. Mauthausen, Austria, May 10–15, 1945.
American soldiers walk along an open mass grave for the of victims of the Nordhausen concentration camp. US army officers ordered the residents of Nordhauen to prepare the grave for the burial of the victims. Nordhausen, Germany, April 13–14, 1945.
A mass grave dug by Jewish forced laborers for the bodies of individuals murdered by the NKVD in Lvov prisons. The NKVD (Soviet secret police) murdered thousands of Ukrainian nationalists, as well as some Jews and Poles, before retreating from the Nazi invasion. The Germans and their Ukrainian collaborators then used the massacre as a pretext for anti-Jewish pogroms, claiming that the Jews had helped the secret police. Lvov, Poland, July 3, 1941.
A mass marriage of 50 couples in Berlin. All of the couples belonged to the Nazi Party. Berlin, Germany, July 2, 1933.
US troops inspect a barn on the outskirts of the town of Gardelegen that was the site of the massacre of over 1,000 concentration camp prisoners. Germany, April 14-18, 1945.
Spectators in the stands of the Zeppelinfeld look on as Adolf Hitler's car moves towards the speakers' platform at the opening of Reichsparteitag (Reich Party Day) ceremonies in Nuremberg. The Zeppelinfeld was part of the Nazi Party rally grounds. Nuremberg, Germany, September 1935.
Emaciated survivors in barracks in the Mauthausen camp. Austria, May 1945, after liberation.
Mauthausen concentration camp inmates with American troops after the liberation of the camp.
A view of the quarry at the Mauthausen concentration camp, where prisoners were subjected to forced labor. Austria, 1938-1945.
A US soldier looks at the Mauthausen crematorium during the liberation of the camp. Austria, May 1945.
A Maypole topped with a swastika is raised for a May Day parade in the Lustgarten in Berlin. The May holiday became an important celebration in the Nazi calendar. Germany, April 26, 1939.
A prisoner in a compression chamber loses consciousness before dying during a medical experiment simulating high altitudes. Dachau Concentration Camp, Germany, 1942.
Medical experiment performed at the Dachau concentration camp to determine altitudes at which German pilots could survive. Germany, 1942.
Meeting of the War Refugee Board in the office of Executive Director John Pehle. Pictured left to right are Albert Abrahamson, Assistant Secretary of the Treasury Josiah Dubois, and Pehle. Washington, DC, United States, March 21, 1944.
An African American soldier is among those members of the Soviet and US armed forces posing here upon the historic meeting of the two armies on the Elbe River. Torgau, Germany, April 26, 1945.
A Hitler Youth poses for a photograph in the Rhineland city of Bruehl, 1934. The Hitler Youth and the League of German Girls were the primary tools that the Nazis used to shape the beliefs, thinking and actions of German youth.
Photograph taken by George Kadish: a member of the Kovno ghetto underground hides supplies in a well used as the entrance to a hiding place in the ghetto. Kovno, Lithuania, 1942.
Group portrait of members of the Hashomer Hatzair socialist Zionist youth movement. Pictured in the back row, left to right, are: Tzvi Braun, Shifra Sokolka and Mordechai Anielewicz. Seated in front are Moshe Domb and Rachel Zilberberg ("Sarenka"). Warsaw, Poland, 1938.
Blanka's daughter Shelly, son-in-law, and granddaughter Alexis Danielle on a vacation.
Members of the Bielski partisan group at the site of a mass grave shortly after liberation. Poland, 1945.
Prewar family portrait of members of the Danishevska family in Vilna, Lithuania, 1926–27. None of those pictured here survived the Holocaust.
The French prosecution table at the International Military Tribunal trial of war criminals at Nuremberg.
Members of the Hitler Youth march before their leader, Baldur von Schirach (at right, saluting), and other Nazi officials including Julius Streicher. Nuremberg, Germany, 1933.
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