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Most prisoners in the early Nazi camp system were political opponents of the regime. The system would grow to include other types of camps, including killing centers.
Jews were the main target of Nazi hatred. Other individuals and groups considered "undesirable" and "enemies of the state" were also persecuted.
Explore a timeline of key events during 1940 in the history of Nazi Germany, World War II, and the Holocaust.
The International Military Tribunal took place in the Palace of Justice at Nuremberg, the only undamaged facility extensive enough to house the trials.
The first conviction for the crime of genocide came after the 1994 genocide in Rwanda, when Jean-Paul Akayesu was found guilty of genocide and crimes against humanity.
Social Democratic politician Otto Wels was the only German parliamentary leader to openly oppose passage of the Enabling Act, the cornerstone of Adolf Hitler's dictatorship.
In 1946-48, the British government intercepted tens of thousands of Holocaust survivors seeking to reach Palestine and held them in detention camps on Cyprus.
Robert Coopman was born in the Netherlands in September 1940. This 1941 photograph shows Robert holding a telephone while sitting next to a teddy bear. He and his parents lived in Amsterdam where his father was a salesman and bookkeeper. In July 1942, fearing for their safety, Robert's parents placed him in hiding with the Viejou family in Naarden. He was less than two years old. He lived as a member of the household until August 1944, when a neighbor betrayed them. Robert was …
Mass atrocities and genocide are often perpetrated within the context of war. Learn more about World War I and the Armenian genocide.
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