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November 20, 1945. On this date, the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg, Germany, began the trials of 21 major Nazi leaders.
October 7, 1944. On this date, the Sonderkommando working at Crematorium IV in Auschwitz-Birkenau rose in revolt.
April 19, 1943. On this date, the Warsaw ghetto uprising began, the largest uprising by Jews during WWII and the first significant urban revolt against German occupation in Europe.
May 7, 1945. On this date, German armed forces surrendered unconditionally to Allied forces in the west.
January 27, 1945. On this date, the Soviet army liberated approximately 7,000 prisoners in Auschwitz, Birkenau, and Monowitz.
July 20, 1944. On this date, Claus Schenk von Stauffenberg and other military officers attempted to assassinate Adolf Hitler.
June 28, 1942. On this date, German forces attacked the Soviet Union in the south towards the city of Stalingrad.
June 9, 1942. On this date, German forces destroyed the village of Lidice as retaliation for the assassination of Reinhard Heydrich in Prague.
May 27, 1942. On this date, Czech agents assassinated Reinhard Heydrich in Prague.
February 2, 1943. On this date, German forces surrendered at Stalingrad on the Volga in the Soviet Union.
November 3, 1943. On this date, SS and police units implemented "Operation Harvest Festival" (also known as Aktion Erntefest).
March 13-16, 1943. On this date, SS and police authorities liquidated the Krakow ghetto.
May 15-18, 1944. On this date, German authorities deported over 7,000 Jews from Theresienstadt to Auschwitz-Birkenau.
July 9, 1944. On this date, Raoul Wallenberg arrived in Budapest and began his wartime rescue efforts.
June 18-22, 1944. On this date, Rudolf Vrba and Alfred Wetzler's firsthand account of Auschwitz went public worldwide.
December 11, 1944. On this date, German authorities at Hartheim performed the last gassing of inmates.
April 29, 1945. On this date, US Army divisions liberated approximately 32,000 prisoners at the Dachau concentration camp.
April 2, 1945. On this date, Anthony Acevedo wrote in his diary about his experience as a prisoner of war.
August 25, 1942. On this date, George Mandel-Mantello began issuing Salvadoran citizenship papers to Jewish refugees in Nazi-occupied Europe.
February 1, 1943. On this date, Selek and Eda Kuenstler wrote to Sophia Zendler and begged her to hide their child.
March 7, 1945. On this date, the US 9th Armored Division captured the Ludendorff Railroad Bridge at Remagen, between Koblenz and Bonn, Germany.
August 15, 1945. On this date, Alice Goldberger, a relief worker and Holocaust survivor, received some of the first children survivors to England
July 11, 1944. On this date, the liquidation of the "Czech family camp" in Auschwitz took place. Michael Kraus later described the event in his diary.
October 19-November 11, 1943. On this date, Elkhanan Elkes wrote his will. It was smuggled out of the Kovno ghetto and delivered to his children.
June 4, 1945. On this date, Earl G. Harrison toured displaced persons camps and wrote of his impressions of Linz, Austria.
December 28, 1943. On this date, the Kohouts wrote to the commandant of Flossenbürg with a request to visit their son, a gay man who was imprisoned in the camp.
March 21, 1942. On this date, while in prison for resistance activities, Charlotte Delbo wrote to her sister. Later deported to Auschwitz, Charlotte would write about her experiences after the war.
August 3, 1943. On this date, Kurt I. Lewin was issued a forged ID card for "Roman-Paul Mytka." He used that identity to survive the war.
August 1, 1944. On this date, the Warsaw uprising began with the Polish Home Army rising against the Nazis in an attempt to liberate Warsaw.
December 1, 1945. On this date, survivors of the Deggendorf displaced persons camp gave a songbook to the UNRRA director Carl Atkin.
October 14, 1943. On this date, Jewish prisoners started an uprising at the Sobibor killing center, which Selma Wijnberg and Chaim Engel escaped.
April 15, 1945. On this date, the British army liberated approximately 60,000 prisoners at the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp.
March 19, 1944. On this date, Germany occupied Hungary and installed General Dome Sztojay as prime minister.
May 15-July 9, 1944. On this date, Hungarian officials (under guidance from the German SS) deported some 440,000 Hungarian Jews.
March 1, 1942. On this date, the Inspectorate of Concentration Camps opened Auschwitz-Birkenau (or Auschwitz II).
July 15, 1942. On this date, German authorities began the deportation of Dutch Jews from camps in the Netherlands.
July 23, 1942. On this date, gassing operations began at the Treblinka killing center.
October 26, 1942. On this date, German and Norwegian officials started rounding up and deporting Jews from Norway.
December 17, 1942. On this date, the Allied nations officially declared that German authorities were engaging in the mass murder of European Jews.
September 20-October, 1943. On this date, Danish citizens and resistance organizations helped approx. 7,200 Danish Jews escape to Sweden.
January 22, 1944. On this date, Franklin D. Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9417 creating the War Refugee Board.
August 2, 1944. On this date, the SS liquidated the "Gypsy family camp" Blle at Auschwitz-Birkenau.
Beginning on August 9, SS and police units liquidate the Lodz ghetto.
November 23, 1944. On this date, Allied troops arrived at the abandoned Natzweiler-Struthof concentration camp.
November 25, 1944. On this date, camp authorities demolished the gas chambers and crematoria at Auschwitz-Birkenau.
January 17, 1945. On this date, SS units evacuated prisoners from the Auschwitz camp complex as Soviet forces approached.
February 13, 1945. On this date, Soviet forces liberated the Gross-Rosen concentration camp.
February 13, 1945. On this date, Soviet troops accepted the surrender of the last German and Hungarian troops in Budapest.
April 12, 1945. On this date, Canadian forces liberated prisoners at the Westerbork camp in the Netherlands.
April 20-21, 1945. On this date, SS guards evacuated prisoners from the Sachsenausen concentration camp in Germany.
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