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In June 1941, Richard was ordered to active duty in the US Army. After a period of training, he was sent to Europe. He entered Austria in April 1945. A patrol came upon the Mauthausen camp and Richard was appointed to take command of the camp. He organized those inmates who had survived in the camp until liberation in May 1945, and brought in two field hospitals. After 35 days in Mauthausen, he was transferred to a post in the Austrian Alps.
Jewish orphans after the Holocaust are fitted with shoes from the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA), en route to Allied occupation zones in Germany and Austria. Prague, Czechoslovakia, August 25, 1946.
In Berlin, thousands of Party officials, Hitler Youth members, and Labor Service leaders take an oath of loyalty read by Rudolf Hess in Munich and broadcast across Germany. Berlin, Germany, February 25, 1934.
View of a mass grave in the Ohrdruf concentration camp from which 2,000 corpses were removed for proper burial. Ohrdruf, Germany, between April 20 and 25, 1945.
A work corps of German women marches to the fields. Beginning in 1939, many thousands of German women between the ages of 17 and 25 worked on farms as part of a national labor service program. Germany, wartime.
Swedish "protective pass" issued to Lili Katz, a Hungarian Jew. The document was initialed by Raoul Wallenberg (bottom left). Budapest, Hungary, August 25, 1944.
Dr. Joseph Jaksy (right) and a colleague. Dr. Jaksy, a Lutheran and a urologist in Bratislava, saved at least 25 Jews from deportations. He was later recognized as "Righteous Among the Nations." Bratislava, Czechoslovakia, prewar.
Dr. Joseph Jaksy poses with (from left to right) Valeria Suran, Lydia Suran, and his wife. The Suran sisters were among 25 Jews Dr. Jaksy rescued during the war. Czechoslovakia, date uncertain.
Studio portrait of Chava Leichter, murdered in the Treblinka killing center in 1942 at the age of 25. Her brother Chaim emigrated to Palestine in 1937 on the boat Polania. He served in the British army in Libya during the war. This photograph was taken in 1939.
Defendant John Demjanjuk crosses his heart upon hearing the pronouncement of his death sentence. Jerusalem, Israel, April 25, 1988.
Aerial photograph showing the gas chambers and crematoria 2 and 3 at the Auschwitz-Birkenau (Auschwitz II) killing center. Auschwitz, Poland, August 25, 1944.
Jewish orphans arrive at the Marseille railroad station, en route to Palestine as part of postwar Brihah movement. Marseille, France, March 25, 1948.
Helene Gotthold, a Jehovah's Witness, was beheaded for her religious beliefs on December 8, 1944, in Berlin. She is pictured with her children. Germany, June 25, 1936.
Explore a timeline of key events during 1946-1948. Learn about the aftermath of the Holocaust and the obstacles survivors faced.
Carl Clauberg, one of many German doctors involved in Nazi crimes, conducted medical experiments at Auschwitz toward developing a method of mass sterilization. Learn more.
Brief overview of the charges against Robert Ley at the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg. Ley was founder of the German Labor Front (DAF).
After WWII, many Holocaust survivors, unable to return to their homes, lived in displaced persons camps in Germany, Austria, and Italy. Read about Heidenheim DP camp.
A Hungarian Jewish youth identifies the body of his father, who was shot by the SS during a death march from Flossenbürg. Members of the US military prepare the victims' burial. Neunburg, Germany, April 25, 1945.
Explore a timeline of key events in the history of the Auschwitz camp complex in German-occupied Poland.
Learn about the role of Theresienstadt in the deportation of German and Austrian Jews to killing sites and killing centers in the east.
Read a detailed timeline of the Holocaust and World War II. Learn about key dates and events from 1933-45 as Nazi antisemitic policies became more radical.
Nazi ideology aimed to promote the myth of an ideal national community and label those who were to be excluded from it as enemies. Propaganda was essential in promoting such myths.
Explore a timeline of key events during 1944 in the history of Nazi Germany, World War II, and the Holocaust.
In April 1945, US troops encountered a barn on the outskirts of Gardelegen where the SS and its accomplices had massacred over 1,000 concentration camp prisoners.
The D-Day invasion was the largest amphibious attack in history. Read articles and browse photos and videos of Allied forces invading Normandy on June 6, 1944.
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