Browse an alphabetical list of photographs. These historical images portray people, places, and events before, during, and after World War II and the Holocaust.
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Arrival of Jewish refugees from Germany. The Joint Distribution Committee (JDC) helped Jews leave Germany after the Nazi rise to power. France, 1936.
Arrival of Polish Jewish displaced persons in Vienna. They were sheltered at the Rothschild Hospital displaced persons camp. Vienna, Austria, 1946.
A group of Polish Jewish refugee children, known as the "Tehran Children," arrives in Palestine via Iran. Atlit reception camp, Palestine, February 18, 1943.
Jewish refugee children unfurl the Zionist flag as they arrive at the Haifa port aboard Aliyah Bet ("illegal" immigration) ship SS Franconia. Palestine, September 1945.
Jewish refugees from Europe arrive at the emergency refugee shelter at Fort Ontario, in the United States. A father, holding his daughter, checks his tags. Oswego, New York, United States, August 4, 1944.
A group of German and Austrian Jewish refugee children arrives in New York on board the SS President Harding. New York, United States, June 3, 1939.
Children aboard the President Harding look at the Statue of Liberty as they pull into New York harbor. They were brought to the United States by Gilbert and Eleanor Kraus. New York, United States, June 1939.
Children aboard the President Harding look at the Statue of Liberty as they pull into New York harbor. They were brought to the United States by Gilbert and Eleanor Kraus. New York, United States, June 1939.
Four Polish women arrive at the Nuremberg train station to serve as prosecution witnesses at the Doctors Trial. From left to right are Jadwiga Dzido, Maria Broel-Plater, Maria Kusmierczuk, and Wladislawa Karolewska. December 15, 1946.
Eight-year-old Yisrael Meir (Lulek) Lau is held by a fellow Buchenwald survivor, Elazar Schiff, as they arrive in Palestine aboard the RMS Mataroa. Haifa, Palestine, July 15, 1945.
German Jewish refugees disembark in the port of Shanghai, one of the few places without visa requirements. Shanghai, China, 1940.
An art class for children in the Fiesole displaced persons camp, outside Florence. Italy, 1946.
Art handlers at the Schloss Niederschoenhausen storage depot hold a section of Emil Nolde’s confiscated “Das Leben Christi,” 1937. The Nazi regime confiscated the work as "degenerate" art.
Austrian Nazi Arthur Seyss-Inquart. After the German invasion of the Netherlands in May 1940, a civil administration was installed under SS auspices. Seyss-Inquart was appointed Reich Commissar.
Georg Grosz, a Communist satirical artist and painter, seen here in his studio in Berlin. He fled Germany shortly before the Nazi rise to power in 1933 and was one of the first to be stripped of his German citizenship by the Nazis. Berlin, Germany, 1929.
Marc Chagall, the Russian Jewish artist, at work in his studio in southern France. Gords, France, 1940.
Works of confiscated art—including those by Pablo Picasso, Henri Matisse, and Vincent van Gogh—line the walls of the Schloss Niederschoenhausen storage depot. The Nazi regime confiscated the works as "degenerate" art.
"Aryanization" in France: this shop, belonging to Jews, has been given to a non-Jewish "temporary administrator." Paris, April 1942.
"Aryanization" of Jewish-owned businesses: a formerly Jewish-owned store (Gummi Weil) that was expropriated and transferred to non-Jewish ownership (Stamm and Bassermann). Frankfurt, Germany, 1938.
One of many piles of ashes and bones found by US soldiers at the Buchenwald concentration camp. Germany, April 14, 1945.
After Adolf Hitler became chancellor of Germany, he persuaded his cabinet to declare a state of emergency and end many individual freedoms. Here, police search a vehicle for arms. Berlin, Germany, February 27, 1933.
An assembly point (the Umschlagplatz) in the Warsaw ghetto for Jews rounded up for deportation. Warsaw, Poland, 1942–43.
Former prisoners of Wöbbelin, a subcamp of Neuengamme, are taken to a hospital for medical attention. Germany, May 4, 1945.
Children sit and sleep on the floor at Sisak, a Ustasa (Croatian fascist) concentration camp for children. Yugoslavia, during World War II.
Two women and a child stand with metal bowls in front of a soup kitchen in the Cremona displaced persons (DP) camp in Italy, 1945. Pictured are Zelda Leikach and her daughter, Masha, with their friend Hinda.
Athletes Jesse Owens of the United States (right) and Lutz Long of Germany at the Olympic stadium. Berlin, Germany, 1936.
Smoke billows out from US ships hit during the Japanese air attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, December 7, 1941.
The damaged car of SS General Reinhard Heydrich after an attack by Czech agents working for the British. Prague, Czechoslovakia, May 27, 1942.
Carl Heinrich Langbehn was an attorney who was slated for a possible cabinet seat had the July 1944 attempt on Hitler's life succeeded. He is pictured here on trial before the People's Court in Berlin. Langbehn was executed in the Ploetzensee prison on October 12, 1944.
Augusta Feldhorn stands next to a nun while in hiding. Augusta, a Jewish child, was in hiding under an assumed Christian identity. Belgium. 1942-1945.
View of a section of the barbed-wire fence and barracks at Auschwitz at the time of the liberation of the camp. Auschwitz, Poland, January 1945. On January 27, 1945, the Soviet army entered Auschwitz, Birkenau, and Monowitz and liberated more than six thousand prisoners, most of whom were ill and dying.
This photograph shows Auschwitz fence posts and a quote from Elie Wiesel's Night . They are on display in the third floor tower room of the Permanent Exhibition at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. "Never shall I forget that night, the first night in camp, which has turned my life into one long night, seven times cursed and seven times sealed. Never shall I forget that smoke. Never shall I forget the little faces of the children, whose bodies I saw turned into wreaths of smoke beneath a silent…
Austrian Jewish children being transported to the United States by Eleanor and Gilbert Kraus perform a life jacket drill aboard the ship President Harding. June 1939.
Austrian Jewish refugee children, members of one of the Children's Transports (Kindertransport), arrive at a London train station. Great Britain, February 2, 1939.
Prisoners from Austria, marked with triangles and identifying patches, in the Dachau concentration camp. Germany, April 1938.
After the Anschluss (German annexation of Austria), Austrian Jewish refugees disembark from the Italian steamship Conte Verde. Shanghai, China, December 14, 1938.
Max Brod, a Czech-born Jewish author and composer who wrote in the German language. An active Zionist, he succeeded in leaving for Palestine in 1939. Prague, Czechoslovakia, February 27, 1937.
Thomas Mann, seen here in Germany before the war, was a noted German novelist and Nobel Laureate. He denounced the Nazis and emigrated to the United States in 1938 after his German citizenship was revoked. Germany, prewar.
An ORT (Organization for Rehabilitation through Training) auto mechanics class at Landsberg displaced persons camp. This training prepared the students to emigrate to Palestine. Germany, postwar.
Secretary of the Kovno ghetto Jewish council Avraham Tory stands with Zvi Brik (left), workshop administrator, in the cemetery of the Kovno ghetto. Kovno, Lithuania, 1943.
Children stand at attention during a flag raising ceremony at the Ayindram Betar summer camp. Tunisia, North Africa, 1946.
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