You searched for: %E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA%E4%B9%B0%E7%90%83%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%9D%AF%E3%80%90%E6%89%8B%E5%8A%A8%E8%BE%93%E5%85%A5%E2%88%B6___bet126.net___%E3%80%91%E6%9C%80%E6%96%B0%E5%9C%B0%E5%9D%80%E8%AF%B7%E6%94%B6%E8%97%8F%EF%BC%8C%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA%E4%B9%B0%E7%90%83%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%9D%AF%E7%BD%91%EF%BC%8C%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA%E4%B9%B0%E7%90%83%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%9D%AF%E7%BD%91%E5%9D%80%EF%BC%8C%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA%E4%B9%B0%E7%90%83%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%9D%AF%E7%BD%91%E7%AB%99%EF%BC%8C%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA%E4%B9%B0%E7%90%83%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%9D%AF%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%EF%BC%8C%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA%E4%B9%B0%E7%90%83%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%9D%AF%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95%EF%BC%8C%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA%E4%B9%B0%E7%90%83%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%9D%AF%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%EF%BC%8C%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA%E4%B9%B0%E7%90%83%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%9D%AF%E5%A4%87%E7%94%A8%E3%80%82
<< Previous | Displaying results 151-175 of 188 for "%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA%E4%B9%B0%E7%90%83%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%9D%AF%E3%80%90%E6%89%8B%E5%8A%A8%E8%BE%93%E5%85%A5%E2%88%B6___bet126.net___%E3%80%91%E6%9C%80%E6%96%B0%E5%9C%B0%E5%9D%80%E8%AF%B7%E6%94%B6%E8%97%8F%EF%BC%8C%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA%E4%B9%B0%E7%90%83%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%9D%AF%E7%BD%91%EF%BC%8C%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA%E4%B9%B0%E7%90%83%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%9D%AF%E7%BD%91%E5%9D%80%EF%BC%8C%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA%E4%B9%B0%E7%90%83%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%9D%AF%E7%BD%91%E7%AB%99%EF%BC%8C%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA%E4%B9%B0%E7%90%83%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%9D%AF%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0%EF%BC%8C%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA%E4%B9%B0%E7%90%83%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%9D%AF%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95%EF%BC%8C%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA%E4%B9%B0%E7%90%83%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%9D%AF%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%EF%BC%8C%E6%89%8B%E6%9C%BA%E4%B9%B0%E7%90%83%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%9D%AF%E5%A4%87%E7%94%A8%E3%80%82" | Next >>
-
The Doctors Trial: The Medical Case of the Subsequent Nuremberg Proceedings
ArticleThe Medical Case, or Doctors Trial, was Case #1 of 12 Subsequent Nuremberg Proceedings against leading German industrialists, military figures, SS perpetrators, and others.
-
Life After the Holocaust: Norman Salsitz
ArticleAfter WWII and the fall of the Nazi regime, Holocaust survivors faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. Listen to Norman Salsitz's story.
-
Gross-Rosen
ArticleLearn about the Gross-Rosen camp, including its establishment, prisoner population, subcamps, forced labor, and liberation.
-
-
German air campaign in the Low Countries
FilmThe Junkers (Ju) 87, known as the "Stuka," spearheaded the Blitzkrieg ("lightning war") attacks that were decisive in the western campaign in 1940. Stuka dive-bombers closely supported German ground forces. They destroyed enemy strong points, aircraft, and airfields, and spread panic in rear areas. Although slow and easily shot down by Allied fighters, the Stukas proved devastatingly effective in the German invasions of Poland and western Europe, where Germany enjoyed superiority in the air. Stukas caused…
-
Stand Fast
SongErich Frost (1900–87), a musician and devout Jehovah's Witness, was active in the religious resistance to Hitler's authority. Caught smuggling pamphlets from Switzerland to Germany, he was imprisoned in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp near Berlin where he composed this song in 1942. Later deported to a labor camp at Alderney, Channel Islands, Frost survived the war and returned to Germany to serve the Watchtower Society. "Fest steht," reworked in English as "Forward, You Witnesses," is among the…
-
Chaia Gurvitz
ID CardFrom a Jewish family, Chaia lived outside Kovno, a city with a large Jewish population that was renowned for its Hebrew school system. Chaia ran a grocery store with her husband, a retired shoemaker, and their daughter Yenta. 1933-39: Chaia is expecting her daughter Feiga, Feiga's husband, Josef, and her grandson, Abraham, for dinner. Feiga works so hard all week in her beauty shop, Chaia is glad she can help out by preparing the big Sunday meal. She has baked a special cake for Abe. Chaia hopes the…
-
Feiga Malnik
ID CardRaised in a Jewish family, Feiga lived with her husband, Josef, in Kovno, a city with a large Jewish community of 38,000. Kovno was situated at the confluence of two rivers, and with its opera company, chic stores and lively nightclubs, it was often called "Little Paris." Feiga was a beautician and Josef was a barber, and together they ran a shop in downtown Kovno. 1933-39: Every day Josef and Feiga walk to their shop, which is near their house. It's hard work, being a beautician--Feiga is on her feet…
-
Josef Malnik
ID CardRaised in a Jewish family, Josef lived with his wife, Feiga, in Kovno, a cosmopolitan city that was picturesquely situated at the juncture of two rivers and was known as the "Little Paris." Josef was a barber, his wife was a beautician, and together they ran a shop in downtown Kovno. 1933-39: Every day Josef and Feiga walk to their shop which is not far from their house. It's hard work being a barber--Josef is on his feet most of the day, seven days a week including a couple of hours on Sunday. He has…
-
Personal Stories: Jewish Partisans
ArticleBrowse a series of short biographies from the Jewish Partisan Educational Foundation.
-
Indoctrinating Youth
ArticleThe Nazi Party targeted German youth as a special audience for its propaganda messages. Read more about the indoctrination of youth.
-
Auschwitz Through the Lens of the SS: Frankfurt Trial
ArticleKarl Höcker’s album shows him in close contact to the main perpetrators at Auschwitz-Birkenau. Learn about his 1963 trial and the significance of his album.
-
Hermann Ludwig Maas
ArticleHermann Ludwig Maas, a Protestant pastor in Heidelberg, Germany, was a rescuer and clergyman who stood in solidarity with the Jewish community.
-
Dr. Robert Ritter visits a "Gypsy camp"
PhotoDr. Robert Ritter talks to several residents in a Zigeunerlager ("Gypsy camp"). Hamburg, Germany, 1940. During the Nazi era, Dr. Robert Ritter was a leading authority on the racial classification of people pejoratively labeled “Zigeuner” (“Gypsies”). Ritter’s research was in a field called eugenics, or what the Nazis called “racial hygiene.” Ritter worked with a small team of racial hygienists. Among them were Eva Justin and Sophie Ehrhardt. Most of the people whom Ritter studied and…
-
Eva Justin interviews a Romani woman interned in a "Gypsy camp"
PhotoA color photograph of Eva Justin interviewing a Romani woman interned in a "Gypsy camp." Vienna, Austria, 1940. During the Nazi era, Dr. Robert Ritter was a leading authority on the racial classification of people pejoratively labeled “Zigeuner” (“Gypsies”). Ritter’s research was in a field called eugenics, or what the Nazis called “racial hygiene.” Ritter worked with a small team of racial hygienists. Among them were Eva Justin and Sophie Ehrhardt. Most of the people whom Ritter studied and…
-
A family interned in a "Gypsy camp"
PhotoA family stands outside of their wagon while interned in a Zigeunerlager ("Gypsy camp"). In the background, children are crowded around Eva Justin. Justin worked for the Center for Research on Racial Hygiene and Demographic Biology. Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, 1938. During the Nazi era, Dr. Robert Ritter was a leading authority on the racial classification of people pejoratively labeled “Zigeuner” (“Gypsies”). Ritter’s research was in a field called eugenics, or what the Nazis called…
-
Polish Victims
ArticleIn September 1939, the Germans launched a campaign of terror intended to destroy the Polish nation and culture. Learn more about the German occupation of Poland.
-
Lodz
ArticleNazi authorities established the Lodz ghetto in 1940. Learn about living conditions and forced labor in the ghetto, as well as deportations to and from there.
-
-
Terez Goldberger Kalman
ID CardTerez came from a religious Jewish family. She and her husband, Samuel, raised eight children in Satoraljaujhely, in northeastern Hungary. The Kalmans lived on the outskirts of the city, and in the 1920s they ran a canteen for the soldiers who lived in the nearby barracks. The Kalmans were proud Hungarians; one of their sons had died in World War I. 1933-39: Since Samuel died a few years ago, Terez has been alone here in her house in Satoraljaujhely. Many of her children live nearby, though, so her home…
-
Nazi Territorial Aggression: The Anschluss
ArticleThe Anschluss, Germany's annexation of Austria in March 1938, was the Nazi German regime’s first act of territorial aggression and expansion. Learn more.
-
Postwar Trials
ArticleEfforts to bring the perpetrators of Nazi-era crimes to justice continue into the 21st century. Learn more about postwar trials and their legacies.
-
How did the Nazis and their collaborators implement the Holocaust?
Discussion QuestionWhen Nazi Party leader Adolf Hitler became German chancellor on January 30, 1933, no step-by-step blueprint for the genocide of Jews as a “race” existed. After the outbreak of World War II, millions of Jews came und...
-
Brandenburg T4 Facility
ArticleBrandenburg was one of six killing centers the Nazis established to murder patients with disabilities under the so-called "euthanasia" program.
-
Mina Beker
ID CardMina, born Mina Friedman, was the youngest of four daughters born to a Jewish family in the Lithuanian town of Jonava. At the age of 18, Mina married Osser Beker, a lumber dealer. The couple settled in Jonava where Mina worked as a seamstress. The Bekers had two sons and two daughters, but their oldest son died in a childhood accident. 1933-39: Mina's son Abe attended a Jewish religious school in Jonava. But since Mina had received an extensive Jewish education, she decided to teach her daughters at home.…
