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The Allied powers made major modifications to the Palace of Justice in Nuremberg to accommodate the postwar International Military Tribunal. See photos and read more.
The 95th Infantry Division participated in major WWII campaigns and is recognized for liberating Werl, a prison and civilian labor camp, in 1945.
Read the Jewish Partisan Educational Foundation's short biography of Joe and Rose Holm.
Efforts to bring the perpetrators of Nazi-era crimes to justice continue into the 21st century. Learn more about postwar trials and their legacies.
On January 20, 1942, the villa was the site of the Wannsee Conference.
The Nazi Party targeted German youth as a special audience for its propaganda messages. Read more about the indoctrination of youth.
Explore firsthand testimony about the occupation of Mlynów, the establishment of the ghetto, resistance activities, and the destruction of the ghetto.
Explore key dates in the history of the Theresienstadt camp/ghetto, which served multiple purposes during its existence from 1941-45.
Armenian refugees in the desert. A man in the foreground lies on the ground on a layer of bedding. 1915-20.
September 20-October, 1943. On this date, Danish citizens and resistance organizations helped approx. 7,200 Danish Jews escape to Sweden.
German forces razed the town of Lidice in June 1942 in retaliation for the death of Nazi leader Reinhard Heydrich. Learn about the assassination and reprisal.
US Major Frank B. Wallis (standing center), a member of the trial legal staff, presents the prosecution's case to the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg. A chart (top left) shows where the defendants (bottom left) fit into the organizational scheme of the Nazi Party. At right are lawyers for the four prosecuting countries. Nuremberg, Germany, November 22, 1945. The trials of leading German officials before the International Military Tribunal are the best known of the postwar war crimes trials.…
Heinrich Himmler was the leader of the dreaded SS of the Nazi Party from 1929 until 1945. Learn more about key dates in the life of Heinrich Himmler.
The Wannsee Protocol documents the 1942 Wannsee Conference participants and indicates their agreement to collaborate on a continental scale in the Final Solution.
Alexander G. Hardy, associate counsel for the prosecution, during the Doctors Trial. Nuremberg, Germany, December 9, 1946-August 20, 1947.
The remodeled courtroom at Nuremberg, site of the International Military Tribunal. Germany, November 15-20, 1945.
Adolf Hitler reviews SA troops celebrating the third anniversary of his assumption of power. Berlin, Germany, February 20, 1936.
Jews deported from Prague, Czechoslovakia, move their belongings through the streets of the Lodz ghetto in occupied Poland. November 20, 1941.
"Between Weedpatch and Lamont, Kern County, California. Children living in camp" by Dorothea Lange, April 20, 1940.
An Armenian woman and her child sit on a sidewalk next to a bundle of their possessions. Ottoman Empire, 1918–20.
Romani (Gypsy) prisoners line up for roll call in the Dachau concentration camp. Germany, June 20, 1938.
Soldiers from the Kiliński Battalion of the Polish Home Army take a German prisoner during the Warsaw Polish uprising. August 20, 1944.
Learn more about the history of Stanisławów during the Holocaust and World War II.
The SS oversaw policing, intelligence, and the camp system in Nazi Germany. Learn more about the Schutzstaffel and its rise to power.
Explore a timeline of key events in the history of Nazi Germany during 1938.
Book burning is the ritual destruction by fire of books or other written materials. The Nazi burning of books in May 1933 is perhaps the most famous in history. Learn more.
Historical events should be analyzed in their appropriate historical context. Learn how to assess the identify the quality, reliability, and integrity of a source.
Shortly after taking power in January 1933, Adolf Hitler and the Nazis took control of German newspapers, detailing how the news was to be reported.
In 1944, Waffen-SS troops massacred residents of Oradour-sur-Glane, a small village in France. Learn about the German occupation and destruction of the village.
View of the countryside in Csobanka, Hungary, as the Hungarian Labor Service company 109/13 departs on the morning of April 20, 1942. [Photograph #57952]
The prosecution team during the Doctors' Trial. Nuremberg, Germany, December 9, 1946-August 20, 1947.
Chief Prosecutor James M. McHaney during the Doctors' Trial. Nuremberg, Germany, December 9, 1946-August 20, 1947.
Photographs, artifacts, and a map presented as evidence at the International Military Tribunal. Nuremberg, Germany, between November 20, 1945, and October 1, 1946.
Birds-eye view of the fenced-in cell block where defendants in the International Military Tribunal war crimes trial were imprisoned. Nuremberg, Germany, between November 20, 1945, and October 1, 1946.
A tank guards the entrance to the Palace of Justice in Nuremberg, Germany, site of the International Military Tribunal. The trial formally opened in on November 20, 1945, just six and a half months after Germany surrendered.
Defendant Albert Speer during the International Military Tribunal trial of war criminals at Nuremberg. Germany, between November 20, 1945, and October 1, 1946.
View of a mass grave in the Ohrdruf concentration camp from which 2,000 corpses were removed for proper burial. Ohrdruf, Germany, between April 20 and 25, 1945.
Entrance to the Ploetzensee prison. At Ploetzensee, the Nazis executed hundreds of Germans for opposition to Hitler, including many of the participants in the July 20, 1944, plot to kill Hitler. Berlin, Germany, postwar.
Execution site at the Ploetzensee prison. At Ploetzensee, the Nazis executed hundreds of Germans for opposition to Hitler, including many of the participants in the July 20, 1944, plot to kill Hitler. Berlin, Germany, postwar.
British soldiers supervise the transfer of refugees from the Exodus 1947 to deportation ships which will take them to France. Haifa, Palestine, July 20, 1947.
A British soldier removes refugees, wounded resisting the British, from the ship Exodus 1947. Haifa, Palestine, July 20, 1947.
French police check the identity cards of pedestrians during the roundup of Jews on the Boulevard Voltaire (near the Place de la Republique) in Paris, France, August 20, 1941.
Allied troops march in Tunis following Allied success against Axis forces in the African Campaign. Tunis, Tunisia, May 20, 1943.
The defendants' dock and members of the defense counsel during the Doctors Trial. Nuremberg, Germany, December 9, 1946–August 20, 1947.
Defendant Karl Brandt testifies during the Doctors Trial. Nuremberg, Germany, December 9, 1946-August 20, 1947.
US Chief of Counsel Brigadier General Telford Taylor during the Doctors Trial. Nuremberg, Germany, December 9, 1946-August 20, 1947.
Regina (third from left) with friends while at the Dueppel displaced persons camp. Berlin, Germany, May 20, 1946.
Brief overview of the charges against Baldur von Schirach, Hitler Youth leader and Nazi leader in Vienna, during the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg.
Architect Albert Speer joined the Nazi Party in 1930, becoming Hitler's personal architect. He was later Minister of Armaments and Munitions in Nazi Germany.
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