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Identification picture of a prisoner accused of homosexuality
PhotoIdentification picture of a prisoner, accused of homosexuality, who arrived at the Auschwitz camp on May 28, 1941. Auschwitz, Poland.
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An aerial view of Amsterdam
PhotoAn aerial view of Amsterdam. The photograph was taken for German military use. Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 1939-1940.
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Arrival of Polish Jewish displaced persons in Vienna
PhotoArrival of Polish Jewish displaced persons in Vienna. They were sheltered at the Rothschild Hospital displaced persons camp. Vienna, Austria, 1946.
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Chart used in the Doctors' Trial
PhotoChart used by the prosecution in the Doctors' Trial illustrates the organization of the Medical Services of the Wehrmacht (German armed forces). Nuremberg, Germany, December 9, 1946-August 20, 1947.
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Nazi officials and Catholic bishops listen to a speech by Wilhelm Frick
PhotoNazi officials and Catholic bishops listen to a speech by Wilhelm Frick, Reich Minister of the Interior, at an official ceremony in the Saarbrucken city hall marking the reincorporation of the Saarland into the German Reich. March 1, 1935. Among those pictured is Joseph Goebbels (seated at the far right), Franz Rudolf Bornewasser (Bishop of Trier) and Ludwig Sebastian (Bishop of Speyer).
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Baldur von Schirach at the Reich Academy for Youth Leadership
PhotoHitler Youth leader Baldur von Schirach speaking at the opening of the Reich Academy for Youth Leadership. Braunschweig, Germany, June 4, 1938.
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Adolf Hitler arriving at a Nazi Party Congress
PhotoFollowed closely by an SS bodyguard, Adolf Hitler greets supporters at the fourth Nazi Party Congress in Nuremberg. Germany, August 1929. US Holocaust Memorial Museum, courtesy of William O. McWorkman
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The courtroom during the trial of John Demjanjuk
PhotoView of the courtroom during the trial of John Demjanjuk. Chief defense counsel Mark J. O'Connor addresses the court during the first session of the trial. Jerusalem, Israel, February 16, 1987.
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War crimes investigators interrogate Irmgard Huber
PhotoWar crimes investigators interrogate chief nurse Irmgard Huber in connection with mass killings at the Hadamar Institute, one of main facilities in the Nazi Euthanasia Program. Hadamar, Germany, May 1945.
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Mauthausen camp after liberation
PhotoMauthausen concentration camp inmates with American troops after the liberation of the camp.
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Page from antisemitic German children's book
PhotoPage from the antisemitic German children's book, "Trau Keinem Fuchs..." (Trust No Fox in the Green Meadow and No Jew on his Oath). Germany, 1936.
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Page from an antisemitic German children's book
PhotoPage from the antisemitic German children's book Trau Keinem Fuchs... (Trust No Fox in the Green Meadow and No Jew on his Oath). The illustration uses antisemitic caricatures in an attempt to promote Nazi racial ideology. Germany, 1936.
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Page from an antisemitic German children's book
PhotoPage from the antisemitic German children's book, "Trau Keinem Fuchs..." (Trust No Fox in the Green Meadow and No Jew on his Oath). Germany, 1936.
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A view of barracks in the Stutthof concentration camp.
PhotoA view of barracks in the Stutthof concentration camp. This photograph was taken after the liberation of the camp. Stutthof, near Danzig, 1945.
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Cremation of corpses at Auschwitz-Birkenau
PhotoCremation of corpses at Auschwitz-Birkenau. This photograph was taken clandestinely by prisoners in the Sonderkommando. Poland, summer 1944.
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March on Rome
PhotoFascist supporters during the "March on Rome," after which Fascist leader Benito Mussolini was appointed Italian Prime Minister. Italy, October 1922.
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Page from the Stroop Report
PhotoA page from SS officer Juergen Stroop's report on the Warsaw ghetto uprising. He wrote: "This is what the former Jewish residential quarter looks like after its destruction." Warsaw, Poland, April-May, 1943.
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Underground bunker in Warsaw
PhotoAn underground bunker, built by Jews in Warsaw in preparation for anti-Nazi resistance. This photograph shows cooking facilities in a bunker. Jews hid in bunkers while the Germans systematically destroyed the ghetto during the uprising. Warsaw, Poland, April 19–May 16, 1943.
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Malmedy war crimes trial verdict
PhotoA crowd waits outside the American military court for the announcement of a verdict in the Malmedy war crimes trial of SS soldiers accused of taking part in the massacre of American prisoners of war. Dachau, Germany, July 16, 1946.
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Sigmund and Anna Freud in Paris
PhotoSigmund Freud and daughter Anna in Paris, en route to exile in England. June 1938.
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Survivors of a death march
PhotoTwo emaciated female Jewish survivors of a death march lie in an American military field hospital in Volary, Czechoslovakia. Pictured on the left is seventeen-year-old Nadzi Rypsztajn.The original caption reads "This girl, only seventeen years old, was forced to march 18 miles a day for 30 days on one bowl of soup a day. The 5th Infantry Division of the U.S. Third Army found 150 in the same condition when they entered Volary, Czechoslovakia."
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Preparing to bury the victims of a death march
PhotoA Hungarian Jewish youth identifies the body of his father, who was shot by the SS during a death march from Flossenbürg. Members of the US military prepare the victims' burial. Neunburg, Germany, April 25, 1945.
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Hitler Youth members at a Nazi rally
PhotoHitler Youth members listen to a speech by Adolf Hitler at a Nazi "party day" rally. Nuremberg, Germany, September 11, 1935.
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Adolf Hitler greets Reich Bishop Ludwig Mueller
PhotoAdolf Hitler greets Reich Bishop Ludwig Mueller at a Nazi Party Congress. Roman Catholic Abbot Alban Schachleiter stands between Hitler and Mueller. Nuremberg, Germany, September 1934.
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Police maintain watch outside the Eldorado nightclub, long frequented by Berlin's gay and lesbian community.
PhotoPolicemen stand outside the shuttered Eldorado nightclub, long frequented by Berlin's gay and lesbian community. The Nazi government quickly closed the establishment down and pasted pro-Nazi election posters on the building. Berlin, Germany, March 5, 1933. Learn more about this photograph.
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Members of the US press view rows of corpses
PhotoVisiting American newspaper and magazine correspondents view rows of corpses in Dachau. Photograph during an inspection following the liberation of the camp. Dachau, Germany, May 4, 1945.
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A German teacher singles out a child with "Aryan" features
PhotoA German teacher singles out a child with "Aryan" features for special praise in class. The use of such examples taught schoolchildren to judge each other from a racial perspective. Germany, wartime.
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Jewish women and girls wearing the compulsory badge
PhotoJewish women and girls wearing the compulsory badge. Vienna, Austria, 1941.
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A building burns during the suppression of the Warsaw ghetto uprising
PhotoA building burns during the suppression of the Warsaw ghetto uprising. The photograph was taken through the window of a building adjacent to the ghetto. Warsaw, Poland, May 1943.
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St. Louis passengers wait to hear if they can enter Cuba
PhotoPassengers on the St. Louis wait to hear whether the Cuban government will permit them to land. Havana, Cuba, between May 27 and June 2, 1939.
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A girl in the Kloster Indersdorf children's center
PhotoSofia Karpuk holds a name card intended to help any of her surviving family members locate her at the Kloster Indersdorf displaced persons camp. This photograph was published in newspapers to facilitate reuniting the family. Kloster Indersdorf, Germany, October-November 1945.
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A Jewish wedding in Morocco
PhotoJewish wedding in Morocco, 1942. Photo: US Holocaust Memorial Museum, courtesy of YIVO Institute for Jewish Research
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Memorial service in Warsaw
PhotoAdolf Berman speaks at a memorial service commemorating the Warsaw ghetto uprising. The building in the background, destroyed during the 1943 uprising, held the office of the Jewish council. Warsaw, Poland, 1945. During the German occupation, Berman was active in the Jewish underground and played a leadership role in the Council for Aid to Jews, known as Zegota.
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1915 portrait of Willem Arondeus
PhotoA 1915 portrait of Willem Arondeus. During World War II, Arondeus, a gay member of the Dutch resistance, participated in an attack on the Amsterdam Population Registry offices. His group set fire to several thousand files in an attempt to destroy government records of Jews and others sought by the Nazis. Soon after the attack, his unit was betrayed. The Nazis arrested and executed Arondeus in 1943. Blaricum, the Netherlands, 1915.
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Passover seder
PhotoA large family group celebrates the Passover seder. Lodz, Poland, ca. 1938-1939.
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Mass marriage of 50 couples in Berlin
PhotoA mass marriage of 50 couples in Berlin. All of the couples belonged to the Nazi Party. Berlin, Germany, July 2, 1933.
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Young survivors of the Buchenwald camp
PhotoYoung survivors of the Buchenwald concentration camp soon after liberation. Germany, April-June 1945.
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A German soldier stands on a toppled Polish monument
PhotoA German soldier stands on a toppled Polish monument. Krakow, Poland, 1940. This statue commemorated the Polish victory at Grunwald over the Teutonic knights in 1410. In accordance with the plans of German occupation authorities in Poland, all physical symbols of Polish national culture were to be obliterated to make way for the "Germanization" of the country.
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A group of children assembled for deportation to Chelmno
PhotoA group of children assembled for deportation to Chelmno. During the roundup known as the "Gehsperre" Aktion, the elderly, infirm, and children were rounded up for deportation. Lodz, Poland, September 5-12, 1942.
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German police round up Jews
PhotoGerman police round up Jews and load them onto trucks in the Ciechanow ghetto. Ciechanow, Poland, 1941-1942.
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Containers of Zyklon B
PhotoContainers of Zyklon B poison gas pellets found at the Majdanek camp after liberation. Poland, after July 22, 1944.
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Trucks used to transport Polish prisoners to the Palmiry forest for execution
PhotoGerman police and SS personnel wait with a convoy of trucks during a shooting action in the Palmiry forest near Warsaw. These trucks were used to transport prisoners held in the Pawiak and Mokotow prisons. October–December 1939.
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Polish hostages arrested during the "pacification" of Bydgoszcz
PhotoPolish hostages in the Old Market Square. Bydgoszcz, Poland, September 9–10, 1939. Just after the German invasion of Poland, armed groups of ethnic Germans in the city of Bydgoszcz staged an uprising against the local Polish garrison. This was put down by the next day, one day prior to the entrance of German troops in the city on September 5. A local command structure was quickly put into place by Major General Walter Braemer, and in response to continued attacks upon German personnel in the city,…
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German soldiers execute Piotr Sosnowski, a priest from Tuchola
PhotoGerman soldiers execute Piotr Sosnowski, a priest from Tuchola. Piasnica Wielka, Poland, 1939.
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German soldiers hold Poles, including Polish clerics, hostage
PhotoGerman soldiers hold Poles, including Polish clerics, hostage. Bydgoszcz, Poland, September 9, 1939.
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Execution of Poles near Bochnia
PhotoGerman police execute a group of Poles at the edge of the Uzbornia Grove just outside of Bochnia. Altogether, 51 residents of Bochnia and the vicinity were shot in reprisal for an assault on a German police station by members of the Polish underground organization "Orzel Bialy" (White Eagle) on 16 December 1939. Bochnia, Krakow, Poland, December 18, 1939.
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African American soldiers pose in the Ebensee camp
PhotoAfrican American soldiers pose next to an oven in the crematorium of the Ebensee concentration camp.
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HIAS immigration certificate
PhotoHIAS immigration certificate issued to Manius Notowicz in Munich, Germany. The document states that Notowicz will travel on the Marine Flasher on February 22, 1947, to New York City.
