Browse an alphabetical list of photographs. These historical images portray people, places, and events before, during, and after World War II and the Holocaust.
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Aerial photograph showing the gas chambers and crematoria 2 and 3 at the Auschwitz-Birkenau (Auschwitz II) killing center. Auschwitz, Poland, August 25, 1944.
Aerial view of the Nuremberg Palace of Justice, where the International Military Tribunal tried 22 leading German officials for war crimes. Nuremberg, Germany, November 1945.
An aerial view of the Nuremberg prison, where defendants in the International Military Tribunal war crimes trial were held. Photograph taken in Nuremberg, Germany, between October 1945 and October 1946.
Erwin Rommel (center), German commander of the Africa Corps, at an airfield in Libya during an Axis offensive into neighboring Egypt. British troops decisively defeated Rommel's forces at El Alamein. Libya, September 8, 1942.
African American soldier Warren Capers was recommended for a Silver Star for his actions during the Allied invasion of France. He and his medical detachment aided more than 330 soldiers. France, August 18, 1944.
Members of the 12th Armored Division, which included African American platoons, await their orders. Germany, April 1945.
African American soldiers pose next to an oven in the crematorium of the Ebensee concentration camp.
Crowd views the aftermath of a massacre at Lietukis Garage, where pro-German Lithuanian nationalists killed more than 50 Jewish men. The victims were beaten, hosed, and then murdered with iron bars. Kovno, Lithuania, June 27, 1941.
Police force Romanian Jews, survivors of a pogrom in Iasi, to board a train during their expulsion from Iasi to Calarasi. Iasi, Romania, late June 1941.
During the deportation of survivors of a pogrom in Iasi to Calarasi or Podul Iloaei, Romanians halt a train to throw off the bodies of those who had died on the way. Romania, July 1941.
This photograph shows the aftermath of a shooting along the banks of the Danube River in Budapest. Members of the pro-German Arrow Cross party massacred thousands of Jews along the banks of the Danube. Budapest, Hungary, 1944.
Concentration camp prisoners, many from satellite camps of Neuengamme, remove corpses of German civilians after Allied bombings of Hamburg. Germany, August 1943.
Roma (Gypsies) remove bodies from the Iasi-Calarasi death train during its stop in Tirgu-Frumos. Two trains left Iasi on June 30, 1941, bearing survivors of the pogrom that took place in Iasi on June 28-29. Hundreds of Jews died on the transports aboard crowded, unventilated freight cars in the heat of summer. Romania, July 1, 1941.
A hospital ward in Kielce after a postwar pogrom. Kielce, Poland, July 6, 1946.
An American tank follows German civilians from Gardelegen who are marching to a barn just outside the town, where they will dig graves for over 1,000 prisoners killed by the SS inside the barn. April 18, 1945.
A woman mourns by the coffins of Jews who died in the Kielce pogrom. Poland, July 6, 1946.
A Jewish youth on an agricultural training farm that prepared Jewish refugees for life in Palestine, sponsored by the Joint Distribution Committee. Fuerth, Germany, June 13, 1946.
Jewish refugees in front of the "Kibbutz Buchenwald" building, where Jews received agricultural training in preparation for life in Palestine. Buchenwald displaced persons camp, Germany, ca. August 1946.
An agricultural training farm to prepare Jewish refugees for life in Palestine, sponsored by the Joint Distribution Committee. Fuerth, Germany, June 13, 1946.
Jewish refugees line up to receive food provided by the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (JDC) after the war. Shanghai, China, 1945-1946.
A US soldier tends to a former prisoner lying among corpses of victims at the Dora-Mittelbau concentration camp, near Nordhausen. Germany, after April 10, 1945.
Defendant Albert Speer during the International Military Tribunal trial of war criminals at Nuremberg. Germany, between November 20, 1945, and October 1, 1946.
The defendants and their lawyers at the International Military Tribunal trial of war criminals at Nuremberg. Defendant Albert Speer (standing at right) delivers a statement in the dock. Nuremberg, Germany, November 20, 1945-October 1, 1946.
Aleksander Belev, Bulgarian commissioner for Jewish Affairs (center, wearing hat and facing the camera), oversees the deportation of Jews. Skopje, Yugoslavia, March 1943.
Alexander G. Hardy, associate counsel for the prosecution, during the Doctors Trial. Nuremberg, Germany, December 9, 1946-August 20, 1947.
Alexander White in Chicago, 1948, after he immigrated to the United States. Nearly 40 years later Alex would run into the only other survivor of the Bor labor camp that Alexander fled from to join the partisans.
Former Nazi Party ideologist Alfred Rosenberg on trial at the International Military Tribunal war crimes trial. Nuremberg, Germany, April 15, 1946.
Defendant Alfred Rosenberg, the former chief Nazi Party ideologist, reads a document during the International Military Tribunal trial of war criminals at Nuremberg. Behind him is his co-defendant General Alfred Jodl, formerly the Chief of Staff for the Army. Nuremberg, Germany, 1945–1946.
Alfred Rosenberg's 1923 commentary on the Protocols reinforced Nazi anti-Jewish ideology. This is the fourth edition. Published in Munich, 1933.
Alice and Heinrich Muller pose for a photograph while in costume for the Purim holiday. Hlohovec, Czechoslovakia, ca. 1934–35.
The Aliyah Bet ("illegal" immigration) ship Parita, carrying 850 Jewish refugees, lands on a sandbank off the Tel Aviv coast. The British arrested the passengers and interned them at Atlit detention camp. Palestine, August 21, 1939.
Aliyah Bet ("illegal" immigration) ship Tiger Hill, carrying Jewish refugees from Europe, lands in Tel Aviv, Palestine. Jewish residents of Palestine greet the ship. September 1, 1939.
Jewish refugees on board the Aliyah Bet ("illegal" immigration) ship Atrato. The ship was caught by the British off the coast of Jaffa, Palestine, and escorted to Haifa port. July 17, 1939.
Allied delegates in the Hall of Mirrors at the palace of Versailles witness the German delegation's acceptance of the terms of the Treaty of Versailles. The treaty formally ended World War I. Versailles, France, June 28, 1919.
Allied troops board amphibious assault boats off the Algerian coast during Operation Torch. North Africa, November 1942.
Allied troops march in Tunis following Allied success against Axis forces in the African Campaign. Tunis, Tunisia, May 20, 1943.
Alter Dvoretsky, head of the Zhetel Judenrat (Jewish council) and leader of the Zhetel underground.
1949 photograph of Amalie and Norman Salsitz in Brooklyn, New York, two years after they came to the United States. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to the United…
Amalie and Norman Salsitz go to Israel to visit family members. Lod (Lydda), Israel, February 9, 1949. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to the United States. Norman was one of…
June 6, 1991, photograph showing Amalie and Norman Salsitz with a copy of their book, Against All Odds. With the end of World War II and collapse of the Nazi regime, survivors of the Holocaust faced the daunting task of rebuilding their lives. With little in the way of financial resources and few, if any, surviving family members, most eventually emigrated from Europe to start their lives again. Between 1945 and 1952, more than 80,000 Holocaust survivors immigrated to the United States. Norman was one of…
Amalie Petranka (later Salsitz) at 22 years of age. She gave this photo to Norman Salsitz shortly after they met. Photograph taken in Stanislawow, Poland, on October 10, 1939.
Amalie (left) with her grandmother and sister Pepka in Tel Aviv, Israel, 1949.
Members of the Amarillo family pose outside their home in Salonika. Front, from left to right, are Tillie Amarillo and Sarika Yahiel. Seated behind them are their mothers Louisa Bourla Amarillo and Regina Amarillo Yahiel. Standing are Saul Amarillo, Isaccino Yahiel, and Isaac Yahiel. Salonika, Greece, between 1930 and 1939.
African American athletes Jesse Owens and Dave Albritton pose with a German citizen. They both competed in the 1936 Olympic Games. Albritton won the silver medal in high jump. Owens won gold medals in the 100-meter dash, 200-meter dash, broad (long) jump, and the 4x100-meter relay.
Cartoon depicting the United States' response to the refugee crisis in Europe, as well as the racism and discrimination African Americans faced at home. The Pittsburgh Courier, April 16, 1938. Page 10. Domestic concerns in the United States, including unemployment and national security, combined with prevalent antisemitism and racism, shaped America's immigration policies, responses to Nazism, and willingness to aid European Jews.
Dr. Bernard Deutsch, president of the American Jewish Congress (center) and Rabbi Stephen S. Wise (right) participate in a mass demonstration against Nazi treatment of German Jews. The demonstration took place on the same day as the book burnings in Germany. New York, United States, May 10, 1933.
Ernest Hemingway, among the greatest American novelists, was a member of the "Lost Generation" of expatriate writers who were disillusioned by war. In 1933 the Nazis burned Hemingway's novels as part of the public book burning in Berlin. United States, ca. 1950.
Survivors of Mauthausen cheer American soldiers as they pass through the main gate of the camp. The photograph was taken several days after the liberation of the camp. Mauthausen, Austria, May 9, 1945.
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